Types of teachers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Types of teachers - Essay Example They are keen disciplinarians, and will often keep the students on their toes at all times ensuring that they follow instructions to the letter. Furthermore, they hardly ever negotiate with students and often give orders in which they expect to be obeyed unreservedly. Easygoing teachers are the opposite of the strict teachers; they are open to negotiation and will listen and discuss issues with learners before they give make a conclusion. Moreover, easygoing are patient with students; for instance, if a student is late in submitting a paper, they will allow them extra time to work on it and not penalize them. They rarely punish students and only do it as a last resort, are quite lenient in issues pertaining to both discipline and academics and are likely to overlook minor errors to motivate the student. The final group is the moderate teacher; such teachers combine both the characteristics of the authoritarian and easygoing teacher. They negotiate with students but will not hesitant to punish them if they find if fitting, they may allow students extra time to do assignments but will put conditions and will warn the stuns making them aware that they were irresponsible for not doing the work in time. Ultimately, every teacher uses the method he/she believe is best to educate their learners although the method chosen often has a lot to do with the teacher’s personal characteristics. However, the strict teacher model was more characteristic of teachers in the past, and today they are more likely to use a moderate method trying to get the best out of both

The Battle Royale Essay Example for Free

The Battle Royale Essay Many minorities continue to struggle for social, economical and political equality, using different approaches to attempt to measure up to the ideals that are often adopted by society. Often times minorities attempt alienation from their race to become socially accepted , minorities often humble themselves to a point that is sometimes viewed as degrading as a means to become accepted as mentioned by Ellisons grandfather, never told you, but our life is a war, I have been a traitor all my born days. (279). The struggle for an opportunity for equal education, or the right to eat or drink in the same location as higher class citizens. The right to vote and the struggle for citizenship are a few to name, where minorities often fight for rights of equality, hoping to gain equal treatment as other members of society. In the short story Battle Royal written by Ellison, the story opens with Ellison reflecting back 20 years to a time when he questions why he was ashamed of the history of his people, he accounts past experiences that lead to the authors description of feeling invisible. It took me a long time and much painful boomeranging of my expectations to achieve a realization everyone Briner 2 else appears to have been born with. 278). In the book review written by (Butler), Ellison is charged with aligning himself and withdrawing into an irresponsible alienation rather than addressing, the political issues affecting African American life. The difficulties of African American life are visible in the Battle Royal where the author recounts the details of suffering and abuse subjected upon himself and his schoolmates who take part in the fight, created for entertainment for the townspeople. Ellison describes his excitement to have been invited to deliver his speech to the high society of his town, not knowing he would have to take part in the battle, to deliver the speech, he was so proud of. The attire of the townspeople is tuxedos and the attire for the boys are blind folds and boxing trunks. In order for Ellison to deliver his speech he must submit to the will of the people that believe that his place in society is only, and always beneath them. In the reviews by (Morel and Warren),the discussion is in relationship to the suffering and pathology,as a way of conceptualizing African American life and the experience of racism In the ending of the story , Ellison delivers his speech to the high society townspeople, with a bloody lip, swollen face and laughter from the crowd. After all his experience is in no way demeaning according to the townspeople. This treatment is appropriate in order to receive the scholarship and briefcase that he is given in the end. Ellisons family, three generations is used to this type of treatment, it has been in societys view for many years. Ellisons explains his view point and to this story, he add realism to the sequence of events that take place. Briner 3 The Battle Royal written in first person point-of view gives a first hand account of three generations of African Americans, Ellisons family, whose beliefs slightly change after the Civil War, only imaging equality under separatism. As the story opens the narrator explains his visit with his grand-father on his death bed. Ellisons grand-father tells the narrator why he feels that he is a traitor to his race(279), what he feels that was necessary to ensure his acceptance by the members of higher society. During this period of time it is necessary for African American to remain silent of the treatment often subjected to. The right to an equal education was the reward for the degrading events that Ellison has endured. The feeling of equality that is imagined by his grandparents is not apparent at this time and for many years to come. The blind folds used during the battle are symbolic of two things, the plight of African American expressing the essential need to remain naive regarding several aspects of their life and their need to over look the inequalities and treatment they were often times subjected to. As discussed in the introduction to the battle, the mind set of Ellisons relatives after the civil war, Ellisons relatives, the freed slaves believed and were lead to believe that there was equality in the social system but there remained the lack of privileges that accompany the latter. Under the impression that he is to deliver a speech, the narrator is one of a group of young men that must fight among themselves until blooded and bruised, as a means of entertainment for the high society towns people. In summary, Ellison delivers a message to the reader, his thoughts at the time of social , political and economical disadvantages, the experiences that a group of people often time hide behind .

Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - The Para

A Paradox: Oedipus's Free will in the Play Oedipus Rex William Shakespeare once wrote, "Who can control his fate?" (Othello, Act v, Sc.2).  A hero and leader must acknowledge above all else his honor, and the pride of his image.   In ancient Greek beliefs, a hero was a man who stood taller than the rest; he was able to better any conflict.   He did this not for himself or for any token award that may be given to him, but for the security of his fellow man.   Physical strength and superior wit are the two major characteristics of a hero.   These characteristics may be destined; but the use of them to help his fellow man is will.   Sophocles's short play Oedipus Rex is a tale of a hero's ascent to King and tragic fall.   The young Prince Oedipus leaves his home in Corinth and arrives at Thebes, only to find that the town is cursed by the Sphinx.   After solving the riddle given by the Sphinx, the blight is lifted, and the town declares Oedipus as their new leader and King.   After a long rein Oedipus's ruling comes to a h eartrending fall.   Through his journey, we as readers are able to see the perils and obstacles facing the hero.   Yet we are never sure if the voyage was predetermined by the gods, or whether Oedipus alone is responsible for his actions?   Greek beliefs show Oedipus's realization of the truth and horrific blinding can be thought as a direct consequence of his actions taken from free will. Oedipus is a hero.   Oedipus makes an unaided choice to follow his destiny, (A destiny that he imagined for himself) to become a man that has no fear and will pursue justice at any cost.   The choices made by Oedipus makes him a touching character and not merely a puppet of the gods.   This can be more clearly seen in the quote of Oedi... ...egardless he pays no attention and hard-headily continues his investigation. My own good Snaps my patience, then; I want none of it. (55) From the above quotes and text it may be projected that indeed Oedipus was a man of free will.   To conclude, the life and path of Oedipus can be looked at as his own.   His intensions and thoughts throughout the entire play were nothing but pure. My old lacrosse coach, a man that has been through what seems the worst in life once said,"10% of life is given to us, and 90% is what we do with it."   Oedipus was a hero and had the ability to carve his own trail, though his persona of the hero made it easy to fall into many of the traps he fell in to.   Regardless, to look Oedipus's life as a predetermined story demoralizes the morals and heart of this play. The greatest griefs are those we cause ourselves (Oedipus Rex Pg. 65) Destiny, Fate, Free Will and Free Choice in Oedipus the King - The Para A Paradox: Oedipus's Free will in the Play Oedipus Rex William Shakespeare once wrote, "Who can control his fate?" (Othello, Act v, Sc.2).  A hero and leader must acknowledge above all else his honor, and the pride of his image.   In ancient Greek beliefs, a hero was a man who stood taller than the rest; he was able to better any conflict.   He did this not for himself or for any token award that may be given to him, but for the security of his fellow man.   Physical strength and superior wit are the two major characteristics of a hero.   These characteristics may be destined; but the use of them to help his fellow man is will.   Sophocles's short play Oedipus Rex is a tale of a hero's ascent to King and tragic fall.   The young Prince Oedipus leaves his home in Corinth and arrives at Thebes, only to find that the town is cursed by the Sphinx.   After solving the riddle given by the Sphinx, the blight is lifted, and the town declares Oedipus as their new leader and King.   After a long rein Oedipus's ruling comes to a h eartrending fall.   Through his journey, we as readers are able to see the perils and obstacles facing the hero.   Yet we are never sure if the voyage was predetermined by the gods, or whether Oedipus alone is responsible for his actions?   Greek beliefs show Oedipus's realization of the truth and horrific blinding can be thought as a direct consequence of his actions taken from free will. Oedipus is a hero.   Oedipus makes an unaided choice to follow his destiny, (A destiny that he imagined for himself) to become a man that has no fear and will pursue justice at any cost.   The choices made by Oedipus makes him a touching character and not merely a puppet of the gods.   This can be more clearly seen in the quote of Oedi... ...egardless he pays no attention and hard-headily continues his investigation. My own good Snaps my patience, then; I want none of it. (55) From the above quotes and text it may be projected that indeed Oedipus was a man of free will.   To conclude, the life and path of Oedipus can be looked at as his own.   His intensions and thoughts throughout the entire play were nothing but pure. My old lacrosse coach, a man that has been through what seems the worst in life once said,"10% of life is given to us, and 90% is what we do with it."   Oedipus was a hero and had the ability to carve his own trail, though his persona of the hero made it easy to fall into many of the traps he fell in to.   Regardless, to look Oedipus's life as a predetermined story demoralizes the morals and heart of this play. The greatest griefs are those we cause ourselves (Oedipus Rex Pg. 65)

Human Resources Management JC Penney Essay

JC Penney is ranked number 153 in the fortune 500 company list in the United States for the year 2012. They are one of the largest companies, and have been around for one hundred and ten years. Recently, Management has embarked upon new strategies to improve the company and create a better shopping experience for their customers. To do so, some of their sales tactics, as well as employee training to ensure a successful transaction, as well as satisfaction of customers has been examined and improved greatly. JC Penny has embarked on a new sales strategy to boost sales for the Christmas season. Starting Black Friday through Christmas Eve, employees will be handing out more than 80 million small, holiday-themed, circular buttons to customers. This is a ploy used to increase sales, since behind each button is the chance for customers to win great prizes. This is believed to be a better approach than mailing out coupons, since it ensures customers visit the store; increasing sales and giving them a cut above the rest of their competitors. Apart from using this strategy, the company has recently embarked on marketing strategies to equip employees with the necessary knowledge and tools, to improve sales on an everyday basis. Some of these includes: new pricing strategies, new logo and advertising. What they have done with their sale pricing strategies is made their sale prices into everyday low prices for customers to enjoy yearly. In addition to that, there is also easy to decipher tags. JC Penny is changing the way sales are distinguished by using a new tagging system to identify different prices. A red tag shows an â€Å"Every Day† price, a white tag is a â€Å"Month-Long Value†, and a blue tag shows the â€Å"Best Price.† This provides clarity for customers and makes it easier for them. New logo and advertising also has great influence on customers mentally. According to their press release,â€Å"the new JC Penny logo, which combines the elements that have made JC Penny an enduring American brand, by evoking the nation’s flag and JC Penney’s commitment to treating customers fair and square.† This make customers feel welcomed and appreciated and causes an increase in activity among the population of the United States. However before this can be possible, there must be employees who are competent enough to handle the task. For this purpose there are strategic processes which must be adhered when hiring new workers. This is believed to help in obtaining the best suited applicants for the job. These include individuals who are willing; and also share in the vision of the company. The process by which applicants are recruited into the company is similar to that of most business places; which takes the form of an interview. The interview process is intense and helps the employer to test many different skills and attributes of the employee. This is necessary since it allows employers to meet with potential workers face to face. Therefore it helps to distinguish if they are able to represent the image of the company physically both in attire and expression. In addition it helps employers to screen potential candidates to determine the most honest and experienced candidates. Also it helps to find out the punctuality of employees, something that one has to take into consideration; since unpunctuality can lead to upsets and setbacks in a business. It will also help to give an understanding of the knowledge the prospective employer have of the company. By knowing this, one can be able to tell if potential employees know what is expected of them. After the hiring process is over, the staff must be competent enough to deal with customers. They should have the knowledge and experience to do this in such a way as to build long term relationships with customers. This is to ensure smooth transactions and to avoid the loss of customers through unfriendly habits. JC Penny often provided training for new staff to ensure that they are able to understand and display the image that they would want to portray by the company; to ensure customer satisfaction and avoid hostility and unfriendly approach. One of the training programs offered by JC Penny for new employees is the planning and merchandising trainee program. This helps to give trainees the opportunity to experience first hand how buying, planning, allocation and inventory management integrate to produce products in JC Penny stores nation wide and on jcp.com. The 17-week training program is fast-paced and high-caliber. It gives employees the opportunity to gain insight into store environment processes, visit a logistics center, attend specialized training classes, and more. It also fosters interaction among the staff since Planning and Merchandising team members work side-by-side with other trainees throughout the entire process. A host of projects, activities and hands-on training also helps to facilitate learning; making the process enjoyable for participants. Having senior managers mentoring and coaching you to success will only lead to great achievement. Apart from training of new applicants, development training is also very important in the process of continuing to acquire success. This is because as time change so too do people and therefore strategies that were effective ten years ago may not be as successful today. For this purpose companies have to continue to train their employees so they will be able to comply with the changes of society; since strategic training received over a decade ago won’t be profitable in the workplace today. JC Penny provides sales associates with the skills they need to help the company achieve their business objectives in a challenging, supportive learning environment that fosters achievement. They are given the opportunity to build their skills and improve hands on relationships with customers; as they obtain experience to promote development. Associates typically are trained for a particular department, such as home decor or women wear, but may rotate from department to department based on need; they will also complete additional training for other departments. Helping them to be well rounded individuals who will be equipped enough to fill in where ever they are needed in the company. Therefore this additional training helps employees to be better equipped than when they first entered the workplace; increasing competent performances, and improving their ability to handle situations. In addition to normal rotation training, employees also have the opportunity to participate in developmental workshops offered by the company for which they qualify. Therefore this will help to mold them into very capable young individuals, with great experience for future endeavors. Because of the sales force strategies used at JC Penny, the company is noted as one which has both the interest of employees and customers at hand. The training offered to their staff is well executed and well received; resulting in JC Penny being described as a company that turns jobs into careers. In addition, it also creates innovative ways for customers to view the shopping experience; since the sales tactic they use make the experience much more easier, straight forward and convenient than most of their competitors.

Public Addressing System

Table of Contents Acknowledgment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Abstract†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Background of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Statement of the Problem†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Objective of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Scope and Limitations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. * Significance of the Study†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Conceptual Framework†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã ¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Schematic Diagrams†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ * Parts List†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Glossary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Appendices†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Recommendations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ AcknowledgmentThe proponents would like to express their sincerest and deepest gratitude to the following for their contribution and involvement in the project: to God Al mighty, for His unfathomable grace and overwhelming blessings, to their parents, for providing the place to stay throughout the project. If it weren’t for their financial, emotional, mental, and spiritual support, the proponents wouldn’t have completed the project, to the librarians of the Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University for their assistance, to their supportive Electronics Engineering Department Instructor, Engr.May Layson for giving them the opportunity to fulfill this project and lastly, to their friends, classmates, colleagues and everyone who were not mentioned who also, even in their small ways, helped in the improvement and fulfillment of the project, and supported the proponents until the end. They are forever in debt to everyone for their undying support, for without them, this project wouldn’t be completed. Abstract There had been a number of projects that focuses on the important aspects of a Public Addressing System.This study was then conducted in order to understand and appreciate the working principles of PA systems from their construction, functions and daily applications. Specifically, this research aimed to identify the role and reliability of PA Systems as a tool for communications. The design of the device was based on the perspectives of the instructors on how the system will satisfy the needs of the institution. The advantages and disadvantages of using the tool were also discussed. Weighted means were computed to analyze the significance of the project.The results showed that the project is capable of being an optional sound reinforcement system since it can do mixing and amplifying signals of different inputs. This in turn benefits the student’s society as it enables them to have means of addressing with one another through a sound amplification system. This also helps in reducing the constraints of having a poor sense of communication in a limited range. Nonetheless, the students involved also agree that the accuracy of the data obtained from the test results are quite difficult to ensure considering that the knowledge about the device is limited.Future researchers could easily take enhancements recommended for the betterment of the project. Moreover, legal consultation had been correlated to this tool. As stated from literatures, these finding clearly emphasizes the need for some additional resources from the previous studies and advices from instructors to ensure the reliability and validity of the results obtained. Items that point out to lack of available components must be taken out. Furthermore, outcomes of project enhancement and appraisal can be more successful by combining the concepts and ideas made based from the prototype versions.Introduction Communication plays an important role in the development of a nation. It is an integral part of development. Societies cannot change and develop without communication, as it is a process of social interaction throug h which people are influenced by ideas, attitudes, knowledge and behavior of each other. Nowadays, communication has attained a great importance in the developmental programs. It is through the process of communication that people are made aware of the nature and objectives of the programs.The useful developmental messages are conveyed to the target groups through various communication approaches. This helps people in acquiring new knowledge required for coping with fast changing society and in adoption of innovations for the improvement of their practices, methods and quality of life. Through the advancement of technology, electronics paved way for the development of communication systems. One of the innovations brought about these technologies is the Public Addressing System.A Public Addressing System or simply PA System is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system. It is anything that amplifies sound so more people can hear it. Most basic systems these days includ e several different parts such as one or more microphones, one or more speakers, a mixer that allows the user to control the volume, tone and balance of different voices or instruments, an amplifier (built into the mixer, built into the speakers, or purchased separately) and stands to hold the speakers and microphones at appropriate height and angles.From this documentation, the researchers were able to explore and delve deeper about the concepts on how a PA System work and how does it contribute to development in the field of communication systems. Background of the Study A Public Address (PA) system is a collection of audio equipment that allows broadcasts over a designated area. Often found in schools and office buildings, PA systems can be used for general announcements or emergency information, providing a simple way to get information out quickly. PA systems can be basic or advanced, and people can customize them to fit a variety of needs.There are even personal models that ca n be less expensive, but allow for a much shorter range. The term is also used for systems which may additionally have a mixing console, amplifiers, and loudspeakers suitable for music as well as speech, used to reinforce a sound source, e. g. , recorded music or a person giving a speech, and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building. Sound reinforcement systems and PA systems may use some similar components, but with differing application, although the distinction between the two is not clear-cut.Sound reinforcement systems are for live music or performance, whereas PA systems are primarily for reproduction of speech. The presence of the light weight components included in the circuit makes it easier to carry, and therefore, making it handy. Recently from the previous projects, we have used several components to amplify signals. Some of which are the bipolar junction transistor, field-effect transistor and metal-oxide semiconductor transistor, now we will use one of the best amplifying device, the IC OP-AMP. 41 OP-AMP is a versatile IC that can be used as a differential amplifier. From this, the researchers must be able to conceptualize and build effective Portable Public Addressing System using operational amplifiers and other electronic components as the center of the study. Statement of the Problem What is the purpose of a Public Addressing System? The purpose of a portable PA system is to provide an accessible way of addressing in a crowd. This is very useful when communications are to be made in a limited broadcasting range. Objective of the StudyTo be able to conceptualize and build an effective public addressing system using IC-Operational Amplifiers and other electronic components and understand and appreciate its principles of operation as well as its primary function and applications. Scope and Limitations While a simple and portable PA system is often fairly expensive, it can provide a speaker with some options for addressing a crowd of people. This type of public announcement hardware provides someone with extremely limited broadcasting range, often including only a single speaker, but still serves to amplify the user's voice.All PA systems are also delimited since they have a potential for audio feedback, which occurs when sound from the speakers returns to the microphone and is then re-amplified and sent through the speakers again. Another thing is, more advanced versions increase in price considerably, especially with numerous cords, wireless hubs, and adaptors that may be required. This all depends, however, on what a person or business needs in terms of PA system hardware and installation. Significance of the StudyThe project is intended to enrich and upgrade the knowledge of the proponents about the different uses of IC Operational Amplifiers by constructing a simple portable Public Addressing System. This study will be a significant endeavor in promoting the construction of useful devices with the advancem ents of electronics. It will also be beneficial to the students and instructors in some applications employing conduction of gatherings, meetings, seminars and workshops for effective learning in their classroom setting particularly in different concepts related to electronics.By understanding the needs of the students and benefits of quality education, these instructors and students are assured of a competitive advantage. Moreover, this project will provide recommendations on how to evaluate the performance of the researchers involved in accordance to the outcome of the study. Conceptual Framework A Public Address System is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system with an audio input, amplifier and an audio output. The Portable Public-Addressing System (PA systems) is capable of amplifying different input signals like microphone, audio, and guitar signals simultaneously.Microphones The transmission can begin with a microphone, which is a device that can assist in m agnifying an audio source's volume. A microphone is classified as a device that transforms sound into an electrical signal. Microphones used in PA systems are usually dynamic or condensers. Dynamic microphones are more rugged than condensers and are able to withstand the elements a little better. Condenser microphones utilize their own power source and produce better-quality audio signals, but can sometimes be so sensitive that they also receive background noises.Mixers If a microphone or another audio source is used in a PA system, it is plugged into a mixer. The mixer allows for multiple channels of sound to be broadcast at different levels. This can help prevent feedback if a PA system will involve multiple microphones, instruments, or other audio sources. For example, someone may use a PA system to sing along with a pre-recorded CD. The CD track could be plugged into one channel, while the singer's voice would be broadcast through another. Amplifier The amplifier is usually side by side or incorporated with the mixer.The amplifier's job is to magnify the audio signal by manipulating its varying frequency qualities. Gain in an amplifier refers to the decibel level of the sound coming out of the speakers. Another quality, Output Dynamic Range, refers to the loud and soft levels of a specific channel's sound. Too low of an output could result in just broadcasting noise; too high of an output can lead to distortion. Loudspeakers The loudspeaker is the output end of the PA system, transforming the electrical signal back into sound that a group can hear.A good loudspeaker system will separate the differing sound frequencies and broadcast them through different sound channels for better quality output. Parts of a loudspeaker system include a woofer, which broadcasts low frequency sounds; and tweeters, the drivers of high frequency output. Some speakers also contain crossover systems that are responsible for separating these frequencies, reducing the electrical no ise that can sometimes accompany a PA system broadcast. Discussions The design of the system internally contains three major stages. These stages are connected to each other to attain the circuit of a Portable Public Address System.The first stage is the power supply of the circuit; has a center-tapped transformer with the primary set to 220Vac and secondary of 12-0-12Vac. This transformer is connected to diodes and capacitor which is responsible for filtering and to produce a full-wave output. This output will become a DC voltage which will serve as +VCC for the next stage. The second stage is for the Pre-amplifiers. There are three Pre-amplifiers which contain two inputs for the microphone and one for the guitar. The Pre-amplifiers in the project use an IC which is generally considered as one the most versatile component there is.The purpose of the IC is to amplify the input sound signals to produce a sound suitable for speakers. Normally in the pre-amp, the output of the sound is not quite satisfying. An increase in the volume of the sound will be attained when it is connected into another stage which is the Power-Amplifier stage. This is the last stage of the circuit. The Power-Amplifier is one that drives the input sound coming from the pre-amplifier to produce an output through speakers. The Power-Amplifier uses an IC also. The loudness of the sound is produced by the Power-Amplifier. Schematic Diagrams * Audio * Guitar Microphone * Microphone Power Amplifier * Power Supply Parts list Label| Quantity| Description| R1, R2, R3| 3| 1K 1/4W Resistor| R4, R5, R6| 3| 10K Logarithmic Pot| R7| 1| 1Meg 1/4W Resistor| R8, R10| 2| 10K 1/4W Resistor| R9, R11| 2| 100K Linear Pot| C1, C2, C5, C6| 1| 0. 1uF Ceramic Disc Capacitor| C3, C4| 2| 22nF Ceramic Disc Capacitor| U1, U2| 2| 741 Op Amp| J1, J2, J3| 3| Input Jacks| MISC| 1| Board, Wire, Knobs, IC Sockets| Conclusion A Portable Public Address System is an electronic sound amplification and distribution system with a microphone, amplifier and loudspeakers used to allow a person to address a large public for example for announcements of ovements at large and noisy air and terminals. The PA system contains a mixing console where the amplifiers and loudspeakers are suitable for music and as well as speech used to reinforce a sound source and distributing the sound throughout a venue or building. It is often used in small areas such as school auditoriums, churches, small bars or other places. The significance of being portable is by means of you can carry it anywhere because it is lighter and useful for emergency or immediate announcements.It also contains two systems combine in one module. The two systems may use some similar components but with different application. It has a sound reinforcement system which is the guitar input use for music performance and a PA system which is the microphone input use for speech purposes. Glossary A Amplify – to  make  larger,  greater,  or  st ronger;  enlarge;  extend. Audio – pertains to employed  in  the  transmission,  reception,  reproduction  of  sound. B Bipolar junction transistor (BJT) – has three terminals connected to three doped semiconductor regions.Board – piece  of  wood  sawed  thin,  and  of  considerable  length  andbreadth  compared  with  the  thickness. C Condenser-lens  or  combination  of  lenses  that  gathers  andconcentrates  light  in  a  specified  direction,  often  used  to direct  light  onto  the  projection  lens  in  a  projection  system. Constraints – limitation  or  restriction. Circuit – the  complete  path  of  anelectric  current,  including  the  generating  apparatus, intervening  resistors,  or  capacitors. Capacitor – is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy in an electric field.Console â€⠀œ a physical device to operate a computer. D differential amplifier  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ a type of electronic amplifier that amplifies the difference between two voltages but does not amplify the particular voltages. F field-effect transistor  (FET) is a  transistor  that uses an  electric field  to control the shape and hence the  conductivity  of a  channel  of one type of  charge carrier  in a  semiconductor  material feedback – occurs when a sound loop exists between an audio input (for example, a  microphone  or  guitar pickup) and an audio output (for example, a  loudspeaker).H hub  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ makes the networking of multiple computers in the home or office easier. I Integrated circuit (IC) – the patterned diffusion of trace  elements  into the surface of a thin  substrate  of  semiconductor  material. Input  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ term  denoting  either an entrance or changes which are inserted into a  system  and which activate /modify a  process. J Jack – is a small, round electrical connector found on audio and video products that is used to interconnect components. Junction – point where at least three circuit paths meet. KKnob – a small rounded ornament or handle. M MOSFET (metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor – special type of field-effect transistor (  FET  ) that works by electronically varying the width of a channel along which charge carriers (  electron  s or  hole  s) flow. Microphone – an acoustic-to-electric transducer or sensor that converts sound into an electrical signal. N Noise  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ unwanted sound. O Operational-Amplifiers – widely used electronic devices today, being used in a vast array of consumer, industrial, and scientific devices.Output – term denoting either an exit or changes which exit a system and which activate/modify a process. P Portable – denotes something that is handy. Plug – a male fitting for making an electrical connection to a live circuit by insertion in a receptacle (as an outlet). Pre-amplifier (pre-amp) – an electronic amplifier that prepares a small electrical signal for further amplification or processing Potentiometer – commonly used to control electrical devices such as volume controls on audio equipment. RResistor – is part of an electrical circuit that resists the flow of current. Reinforcement – is when a behavior is increased or maintained by its consequences. Rugged – having a rough uneven surface. S Signal – a detectable physical quantity or impulse (as a voltage, current, or magnetic field strength) by which messages or information can be transmitted. Speaker – an output device used specially for audio signals. T Transistor – a semiconductor device used to amplify and switch electronic signals and electrical power.Terminal – a position in a  circuit  or device at which a connection can be made or broken. References Articles * Basic P. A. Systems: A Primer For Using P. A. Systems by Yorkville Sound Books * Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory by Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky * Electronic Principles by Albert Paul Malvino * Teach Yourself Electricity and Electronics 5th Edition by Stan Gibilisco Websites * www. yorkville. com * www. wikipedia. com * www. circuitstoday. com * www. ehow. com * www. howstuffworks. com Appendices LM741 Operational Amplifier General DescriptionThe LM741 series are general purpose operational amplifiers which feature improved performance over industry standards like the LM709. They are direct, plug-in replacements for the 709C, LM201, MC1439 and 748 in most applications. The amplifiers offer many features which make their application nearly foolproof: overload protection on the input and output, no latch-up when the common mode range is exceeded, as well as freedom from oscillations. The LM741C is identical to t he LM741/LM741A except that the LM741C has their performance guaranteed over a 0 °C to +70 °C temperature range, instead of ? 5 °C to +125 °C. Connection Diagram Recommendations All PA systems have a potential for audio feedback, which occurs when sound from the speakers returns to the microphone and is then re-amplified and sent through the speakers again. Sound engineers take several steps to maximize gain before feedback. If you are setting up a sound system and want to avoid feedback, there are a few general measures that can help avoid such problem: * Keep a certain distance between the position of the microphone and the speakers. * Use a unidirectional microphone. If you have access to an equalizer, dampen the frequencies where feedback is occurring. * Ensure that both microphone and speakers are in good performance state. * Never place a mobile phone near the speakers or even at the microphone. Since the Power-Amplifier is responsible for the driving of the input soun d (coming from the pre-amplifier), it is necessary to have an efficient circuit of a power amplifier with a sufficient wattage needed to obtain a desired output. The greater the wattage value of a power amplifier circuit, the better the output sound.

State Trooper Essay †Criminal Justice Essays

State Trooper Essay – Criminal Justice Essays Free Online Research Papers State Trooper Essay Criminal Justice Essays â€Å"More than half of the highway patrols and state police function as one agency within the states Department of Public Safety. Others operate as separate agencies whose chief administrators report directly to the governor. There are currently more then 58,000 sworn officers representing state police and highway patrols† (Stinchcomb 46). As stated in the Occupational Outlook Handbook developed by the Department of Labor, state troopers are often referred to as highway patrol officers, and state traffic officers. The major responsibility of a state trooper is to ensure public safety on the roadways. This includes patrolling the major highways, enforcing traffic laws, dealing with accidents, and other emergencies. State troopers must also enforce criminal laws such as burglary or assault. They may also be called in to help city or county police apprehend lawbreakers and control civil disturbances. All states with the exception of Hawaii have a statewide police force (qtd. in U.S. Department of Labor 368). As describe in the online site state.de.us, â€Å"state troopers must demonstrate good judgment, thoroughness, conscientiousness, common sense, motivation, and enthusiasm for the job. They must be dependable and willing to get involved in order to help deal with the problems of today’s society, Troopers have to be able to assume responsibility and make decisions often under pressure. They have to be able to work without supervision, follow orders, and function well under pressure.† â€Å"Activities of state troopers vary from state to state. Some duties they may have to perform are patrolling state and interstate highway, and enforcing motor vehicle and criminal laws. State police officers work a five-day 40-hour week, with rotating shifts. Some states however, such as New Jersey use a 4/10 shift rotations. This means they work four days a week for ten hours each day. Sometimes they will have to work holidays, and weekends because protection is need 24/7. Most troopers patrol the highways of their states in cars and motorcycles, although some use planes, helicopters, and even boats. State police officers usually patrol alone although others work with a partner. They are constantly in contact with their communication centers to check in with their superior officers and receive orders. State troopers must always be prepared to work outdoors for long periods of time in all kinds of weather, and they must always be prepared to use a gun.† (Learni ng Express chapter 3 pg. 4). As mentioned in the online site state.de.us., â€Å"troopers are required to perform duties such as sending and receiving radio and teletype messages, maintaining records and responding to telephone inquires concerning road conditions and locations. They are also responsible for preparing written memos and reports.† The daily routines of state troopers include moving vehicles checks and helping motorists. They are usually the first to arrive at a highway accidents where they have to provide emergency care, and gather evidence on the cause of the accident. (Learning Express chapter 3 pg. 3-4). Qualifications for the position of state trooper vary from state to state. All applicants must be U.S. citizens between the ages of 21 and 35 at the time of the appointment. State police agencies require a high school diploma, but most people with college training have a greater advantage. Many states require a certain number of college credits. All applicants must receive a passing mark on a written civil service examination as well as a qualifying rating on an interview conducted by a police board of examiners. Each applicant must pass a comprehensive medical examination, and some states require candidates to undergo psychological and psychiatric testing to determine emotional stability and suitability for this work. Applicants are also given performance tests designed to measure their strength, agility, and stamina. Background information gathered on each applicant to determine general character, honesty, past history, and overall suitability for the job. Those who meet all the entry requirements of the state police agency are placed on a certified civil service list of eligible’s and are selected from this list as vacancies occur. The recruits enter training school on a probationary basis, and must complete an intensive training program of approximately 12 to 16weeks. Candidates who successfully conclude this training are assigned to duty on a probationary basis for a period ranging from six months to one year or longer, depending on state policy ( qtd. in Hammer and Scheinkman 5). As mentioned in the online site njsp.org, â€Å"the income of State troopers varies by state but is determined by rank. The higher you go in rank the more you can expect to earn. The current starting salary for a New Jersey trooper is $53,576.46 a year (including a uniform allowance) Troopers also receive yearly raises. Members of the State Police are given medical and dental coverage, and are also offered a prescription drug and vision care program. Troopers are given vacation and personal days. State troopers are covered by a group Life Insurance Policy, and are eligible to participate in a deferred compensation plan or supplemental annuity plan to supplement retirement income.† â€Å"The demand for troopers is expected to be good through 2012† (Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance 58). Because society is more conscious about security and because of drug related crimes there will be a need for more state troopers. As troopers retire or die there will be more openings for trooper positions. State Trooper employment is expected to grow much faster than the average for other occupations. Troopers will be needed in criminal investigation and other non-highway functions, but the greatest demand will be for Troopers to work in highway patrol. Because law enforcement work is becoming more complex specialists will be needed to develop administrative and criminal information systems (Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance 58). Research Papers on State Trooper Essay - Criminal Justice EssaysUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug Use19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraArguments for Physician-Assisted Suicide (PAS)Twilight of the UAWCapital Punishment

sexual orientation essays

sexual orientation essays Sexual orientation has been and to some degree is still seen as a taboo topic. For many years it has been argued that sexual orientation is based on one's gender and one's sexual preference, should be based on one's sex (i.e. females should be attracted to males and males to females). For generations, these narrow views were considered to be the norm. However, hidden within society was a lifestyle that once aired was seen as deviant. Homosexuality and many sexual orientations were seen as sexual deviancy that needed some type of treatment to cure. Many people use the term sexual preference to describe someone's sexual orientation, such as heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, etc. Heterosexuals are individuals attracted to the opposite sex, homosexuals are individuals who are attracted to the same sex, while bisexuals are people who are attracted to both sexes. However this term is outdated because "sexual orientation is no longer considered to be one's conscious individual preference or choice, but is instead thought to be formed by a complicated network of social, cultural biological, economic and political factors (http:// www.siews.org/pubs/fact/fact0006.html)." Sexual orientation is based on one' erotic, romantic and affectional attractions. These attractions could occur with the same gender (sex), to the opposite gender (sex) or both. Society is obsessed with finding what determines one' sexual orientation, if an individual is homosexual or bisexual. Surprising, society is not really fascinated why heterosexuals are 'straight'. "Straight people do not 'come out' because our society assumes that people are straight unless they say that they are not (Planned Parenthood. 2000, p. 3)." This assumption is known as heterosexism, which is quite offensive and disrespectful towards the homosexual community. A large sector of the population fails to realize how difficult 'coming out' might be for homosexuals to their f...

Writing Assignment Rubric Forewarned is Forearmed

Writing Assignment Rubric Forewarned is Forearmed Writing Assignment Rubric: Forewarned is Forearmed A writing assignment rubric can be difficult to decipher. But getting acquainted with a writing rubric before you write an essay, paper, or any writing assignment is essential to getting good grades. If you don’t know what your teacher expects of you, and write something for your teacher regardless, you are willingly putting yourself in a sticky situation. So, what are the usual parts of a writing rubric and how to impress your teacher by following it? There is usually a hierarchy of categories that are attended to. The following is a list of the important things to pay attention to in order to get the highest grade for your assignments: Communicating your message. Is your content clear? Do you lose focus on the main topic during the essay? If you read your writing as a reader, can you understand it? These questions will reflect whether or not you have communicated your message properly. Writing is a form of communication. Do you write in a fancy way just for kicks? Always make sure you are understood. Organization. Do you have transitions from paragraph to paragraph? Does your essay flow easily from topic to topic, or do you feel jumps in subject matter? Did you arrange your paragraphs in the most efficient manner, so that readers can see the affect of your thesis statement? Speaking of thesis statements, they are the crux of your paper. Your main body paragraphs must reflect and expound on your thesis statement. Style. Is your tone appropriate for your assignment? Are you using informal language when it is a formal essay? Do you think your teacher would enjoy the way you are writing? The way you convey your message is important, but also the tone and character of your writing is also key. Research. Did you validate all the claims you made with in-text citations? Do you have at least three sources? Are your sources reliable, recent, and appropriate? Teachers are keen on seeing if you have used the correct citation style: MLA, APA, Chicago, and more. They are also attentive to when students make claims and do not back them up with information from studies or related research. Grammar and punctuation. Do you use commas, semicolons, colons, and periods correctly? Are your sentences fluid and easy to read? Can you state your sentences in a better order? Though the mechanics of writing is a lower level concern, if you have enough grammatical and punctuation issues, your paper can be difficult to read or even unreadable. Following the rules of mechanics allows you to deliver your message soundly, without disruption. Don’t look at it as a tedious thing. Grammar and punctuation are needed to be heard clearly by your readers. Besides knowing these main criteria, it is important, in a practical sense, to keep your rubric close to you while you write. Checking it periodically as you write is essential to making sure you don’t mess up and have to write everything over again. Also, if you are confused about something in your rubric, don’t feel shy to ask your teacher about it.

Why women are more prone to knee injuries than men Essay

Why women are more prone to knee injuries than men - Essay Example Knee injury or disease, therefore, can be badly crippling .(Thibodeau 223). A women's work is never done! So goes the age-old saying. Although in today's world there are many labor-saving devices, the modern woman often carries responsibilities involving long hours of duty. Women employed in industry or with major home-care responsibilities can be involved in a variety of tasks requiring strong mental, physical, emotional and social abilities. For many, additional burdens exist. Te career woman with a family, the pregnant woman with several children, the woman caring for a disabled child or an ageing parent and the wife and mother confined to a wheelchair are all faced with the challenges of coping with prolonged demands on both their energy and time. Some traditionally female jobs in the workforce are also susceptible to special stresses (Sapsford 268). The knee joint is the major weight-bearing joint of the body. Any condition, which interferes with the smooth articulation of the joint, leads to instability and rapid wasting of the quadriceps muscle (Anne 548). Cancellous bone loss begins between the ages of 30 and 35 with yearly decrease in women of 0.6 % to 0.8 % (Linear decrease) or 2.4 % (curvilinear decrease). Age-related cancellous loses in women appear to begin up to a decade earlier than cortical bone loss. Women may lose 50% of cancellous and 30 % of cortical bone over their life times, whereas men may lose only 30 % and 20 % respectively. In addition, women may have an increased risk for osteoporosis because throughout life they have 30 % less bone mass than men of a similar age (Kimble 48.28). Throughout its life bone can respond to external forces (or loads) such as the pull of tendon on bone and weight bearing. These forces can help to maintain bone mass or increase it in some circumstances. As a living tissue, bone material is constantly being turned over in a process called bone remodeling. In this process old bone is resorbed and new bone is formed. Many internal factors dictate the effectiveness of the remodeling process. These can include ageing, hormonal influences, metabolic variations and certain disease processes. Bone is most sensitive to mechanical loading during childhood (Sapsford 134). An increase in osteoblastic activity and thus in bone mass can result from the external forces (or loads) mentioned. Without these forces osteoclast activity (bone resorption) predominates and bone mass decreases (Norkin and Levangie, 1992). If the breakdown or resorption of bone (osteoclastic activity) then decreased bone density or osteopenia will occur. If this process con tinues unchecked it can lead to osteoporosis. Osteoporotic bone is more likely to fracture than bone of normal density (Sapsford 412). Osteoporosis in a major health problem that affects over 9.4 million people on the United States and is especially prevalent among postmenopausal women. The incidence osteoporosis increases with age; 30 percentage of women between the ages of 70 and 79 and 70 percentage of women 80 years of age or older develop osteoporosis without medical intervention (Kimble 48.30). There is much grater risk of women developing osteoporosis than men. Suggested reasons for this include the fact that after menopause women have period of rapid bone loss as a result of a sharp fall in oestrogen levels as overian function ceases. Up to 15 % of bone can be

The pros and cons Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The pros and cons - Essay Example This implies that it is up to the students to cultivate a positive attitude that will enable them make use of the available resources including the tutoring programs available and professors’ abilities. Amongst the most important duties for students is to ensure that they fully and actively participate in each and every class. For this to be effective, students have to prepare for their class session by carrying extensive personal studies. A lecturer might work hard to create a new Communications 100 class to help students prepare for the SPEECH 100/102 but if the students are not willing to study and prepare for the class, it would be of no use and as the old saying goes, one can lead a horse to water but cannot force it to drink the water. The notion that only students who have completed or exempted from ENG088 and ENG 094 can register for SPE 100/102 can therefore do not apply because their passing or exemption is not a guarantee that they will pass the SPEECH 100/102. Simply, if all students in SPEECH 100/102 try to do their best and follow their professor’s direction well, failing and dropping-out will not take place. SPE102 is taught with sufficient and efficient directions from the professors thus making it easier to catch up in class without the need for a remedial or a developmental class. Before students prepare for any speech, the professor involved gives specific directions and sets of examples to aid them in their speech. The professor also encourages the students and helps them to gain confidence and deal with nervousness. Personally, my professor Ritchery Lee, clearly explains to us what we are suppose to do and elaborates using specific examples. For instance, at the begging of this semester, he explained how we are supposed to prepare our speeches using visual aids and mind-control skills. I also realized that every time we moved to a different speech, he became more specific and gave us specific instructions. At one time before we made

Reebok Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Reebok - Essay Example ng strategy involves establishing trust between salespeople and retailers, giving retailers sufficient information about the products to ensure they conduct sales at ease and provide retailers with support after the sale. â€Å"Sean Neville the senior vice president and general manager of Reebok North America† confirms that the aim of the company is to sell quality products to the customer, and the retailer  used as an intermediary. The salespeople in the company ensure they think like the retailer selling goods to the consumer (Kerin, Hartley & Rudelius, 2011). This information is crucial because customers are able to know the objectives of Reebok. In addition, the customers are also able to know how the company operates. The information is also beneficial to retailers who ensure the company’s products reach customers. Competitors can also use the information to learn more about the company’s strategies that assist it to stay on top. The information draws the inference that Reebok is among the best companies known for sportswear. In addition, the information puts Reebok at the forefront as the one of the main manufacturers of sport shoes. Nonetheless, the information generates a number of questions too for instance; how the company communicates with retailers and customers, how the company deals with competitors and approaches the company uses to remain on top. In addition, further ideas also generated by the information that include; the style of operation of the company and how they do their business to ensure customers remain satisfied for many

Beer Wars Movie Analysis Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beer Wars Movie Analysis Paper - Assignment Example This text seeks to compare and contrast the strategy and experiences of the two entrepreneurs in the movie. The two entrepreneurs have different experiences with respect to how they do business in the beer industry. Rhonda is faced with a number of challenges as a small-scale beer brewer. Case in point is that companies that have a higher market portfolio hamper their chances of doing business as appropriate. Unlike Calagione, Rhonda does not enjoy the monopoly that big companies enjoy in the beer industry (Baron np). Consequently, there are a number of cartels that define how the market is run to the extent that small businesses face challenges of performance. The bigger companies in the beer industry frustrate Rhonda’s company by introducing products that may be similar effectively overshadowing the small size entities. Calagione, on the other hand, is one of the entrepreneurs that enjoy an immense dominance in the market to the extent that there are a few challenges that affect their businesses. The law is inherently biased in the sense that it does not protect the small sized companies, but works in favor of the bigger ones. Compared to Calagione, Rhonda is faced with a number of legal challenges to the extent that if an issue of law arises, the small company is disenfranchised significantly in terms of doing business. Such tendencies do not provide a fair playing ground for the competitors in the market. Beer wars are fought on a number of fronts, and there are various sophisticated institutions that are employed to frustrate the wellbeing of smaller entities (Baron np). There is a difference in the strategies that the two entrepreneurs employ in the production of beer. While Calagione employs the use traditional means of beer production, Rhonda employs modern and innovative means of making beer. The fact that Rhonda employs a new style of beer production is the point of conflict in the industry

Biography of Nikola Tesla Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Biography of Nikola Tesla - Research Paper Example Tesla completed his education at Technical University at Graz, University of Prague. He breathed his last in New York. Though born in Croatia, he came to United States in the year 1884 and was working along with Thomas Edison. The two had worked together on many projects and both parted ways shortly thereafter. Tesla did not confine his research to a particular area alone and was actively involved in the areas of robotics, wireless transmission of energy, radar and many others (Seifer, 1998). The researches made by Tesla led the ground for many inventions and discoveries at a later point of time by other inventors. He was known to have highest patents up to about 700 of them in the twentieth century. The efforts and results of Tesla’s research paved way for greater technological advancements. He was fondly called as the Father of AC Current, The Man Who Invented the 20th Century and also Father of the Radio. All these names are provided as he laid the foundation for greatest a dvancement in various sphere in the 20th century (O'Neill, 2007). Tesla completed his electrical and mechanical engineering course from the Polytechnic Institute in Graz, Austria. He inherited his inventive thoughts from his mother who used to create absolutely innovative ways to help at farm and home. The idea of rotating magnetic hit Tesla when he was working at the Central Telephone Exchange in Budapest in the year 1882. At the age of 24 years, Tesla decided to move to New York where there was proper back up for his research. With his move to New York came the opportunity to work with Thomas Edison by way of recommendation. Tesla and Thomas worked together in the electrical and magnetic fields related areas. There rose a professional rivalry between Thomas Edison and Nikola Tesla over the concept of alternating current. Edison was of the opinion that current can flow through one direction, the direct way. Tesla challenged this contention and brought forth the idea that current ca n move in the alternative direction as well. Tesla declared that electric energy comes in a cycle and could easily change the course of direction. He further held that the current created through alternative current method could generate more voltage current than the direct ones. This idea did not go down well with Edison who felt that his ideas are far away from what Thomas had at hand. Edison did not recognize Tesla’s idea about alternating current and did not award him with the bonus that he deserved. Eventually, Tesla quit working with Edison and moved apart. Soon after his departure with Thomas Edison, Tesla joined hands with George Westinghouse, one of the well known American industrialist and inventor of that time. George Westinghouse was a rival of Thomas Edison so he roped in Tesla into his group and encouraged his research on the alternating current AC. Tesla worked with George in order to develop the alternating current in the year 1888. George Westinghouse investe d and bought 40 patents of Tesla for the polyphase alternating current system for using over motors, transformers and that of generators. Electricity was considered to be dangerous at that time due to several mishaps and shocks that happened while researching. Edison fuelled the fear for electric current by creating mishaps and creating the belief that alternative current is dangerous and only direct current serves the purpose of providing a safe current for home and

Beer Wars Movie Analysis Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Beer Wars Movie Analysis Paper - Assignment Example This text seeks to compare and contrast the strategy and experiences of the two entrepreneurs in the movie. The two entrepreneurs have different experiences with respect to how they do business in the beer industry. Rhonda is faced with a number of challenges as a small-scale beer brewer. Case in point is that companies that have a higher market portfolio hamper their chances of doing business as appropriate. Unlike Calagione, Rhonda does not enjoy the monopoly that big companies enjoy in the beer industry (Baron np). Consequently, there are a number of cartels that define how the market is run to the extent that small businesses face challenges of performance. The bigger companies in the beer industry frustrate Rhonda’s company by introducing products that may be similar effectively overshadowing the small size entities. Calagione, on the other hand, is one of the entrepreneurs that enjoy an immense dominance in the market to the extent that there are a few challenges that affect their businesses. The law is inherently biased in the sense that it does not protect the small sized companies, but works in favor of the bigger ones. Compared to Calagione, Rhonda is faced with a number of legal challenges to the extent that if an issue of law arises, the small company is disenfranchised significantly in terms of doing business. Such tendencies do not provide a fair playing ground for the competitors in the market. Beer wars are fought on a number of fronts, and there are various sophisticated institutions that are employed to frustrate the wellbeing of smaller entities (Baron np). There is a difference in the strategies that the two entrepreneurs employ in the production of beer. While Calagione employs the use traditional means of beer production, Rhonda employs modern and innovative means of making beer. The fact that Rhonda employs a new style of beer production is the point of conflict in the industry

Further Exploration Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Further Exploration Assignment - Essay Example At the same time, women simply accept the fact in most cases, though both genders have some attempts of defining the reasons of their sadness. However, men appear to be more likely to compare themselves with other people and analyze own short-comings, faults, and mistakes in an attempt to get more control over the situation. The same trend is expressed in people’s tendency to think about why they can’t handle things better – men have shown to be more concerned with this issue. At the same time, women are the ones who think more about how sad they feel. This means their feelings of sadness, apathy and worthlessness are stronger than those of men. It also appears that the representatives of both genders are not trying much to make themselves feel better. Most of the men and women don’t try to change the situation by means of doing something fun with a friend or going to a favorite place to distract oneself. However, we all at least try to do something that made us feel better before. To sum up, it appears that the major difference between men’s and women’s ways of experiencing and dealing with depression is in their perception of oneself in contrast with the others. Men are keener on blaming others in their sadness, while women start looking for the problem within themselves. At the same time, both genders show to be rather equally closed and withdrawn from the outer world while in

French and Indian War Brief Essay Example for Free

French and Indian War Brief Essay Major Players in the French and Indian War The French and Indian War was primarily England and the American colonies against the French and various Native American tribes in America. As France expanded its colonies along the Ohio River, and Britain ventured further into the mountains and discovered them, it was inevitable that there would be competition, tension and eventually war between the two colonies. This war has come to be known as the French and Indian war, but it has various other names such as ‘The Seven Year War’ or ‘The War of British Conquest’. The war escalated into a world war in 1760 when France and Britain declared war on each other. It was sparked in America, not Europe, but Great Britain spent a lot of money in helping to fight the war and support to their colonies in America and the colonies participated fully in the war. Main reasons for the French and Indian War Britain and France had long been in a competition for territory in North America. The rich land west and north-west of the Appalachians was in top demand, for it was filled with waterways, fisheries, abundant game and beaver runs. Tensions grew until France and Britain finally declared war on each other for the region in 1756. In the first year, the British were defeated numerous times by the French and their allies, the Native Americans. This is when British Prime Minister William Pitt lent a hand to help out with the war, and funded an expanded war effort which involved shipping 10,000 soldiers overseas. He could see that there was potential of imperial expansion if France were defeated and borrowed substantial amounts of money to contribute. From then on, France’s attempts started to fail. By 1760 they were expelled from Canada, and their all allies in Europe were defeated or made separate peace with Prussia. The War comes to an end The French and Indian War was a great British victory. It ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris and also the Treaty of Hubertsburg in February 1763. In the Treaty of Paris, France lost east-Canada and gave Louisiana to Spain. Britain received Spanish Florida, Upper Canada and other French holdings overseas. The British were very pleased with the treaty, as they no longer had to worry about French attacks as much as they previously did. Also, the extra land meant more room for discovery and settlement, although there were still natives all through the land. Contribution the beginning of the American Revolution Fifteen years after the war, the bitterness the French felt after the loss of their colonial empire influenced their input in the American Revolution.

Issues faced by the multinational companies

Issues faced by the multinational companies Multinational company (MNC) is actually a multinational corporation that functions with a headquarters in the origin of that country, while having other facilities and assets that are based in location of other countries. Multinational corporation that operates in different countries provides technology, marketing skill and finance capital for a more profitable market in return. Many host countries have impose regulation which gives them a portion of share in profit, market and also jobs which is generated by multinational corporation in that particular country. Multinational company can be categories into 3 elements which is horizontally integrated multinational corporations, vertically integrated multinational corporations and diversified multinational corporations Horizontally integrated multinational corporations Corporations that manage productionestablishments in different countries that produces similar products ( example, McDonalds) Vertically integrated multinational corporations Manage production establishment in certain countries to produce products as input to its production establishment in other countries ( example, Adidas) Diversified multinational corporations Production Establishment is neither horizontally or vertically integrated ( example Microsoft) Globalisation: Globalisation can be seen in much different way, one way of seeing it as increase in the share of economic activity that is taking place across national boundaries. Globalisation that takes place has given a great impact on a number of interrelated developments such as: Growth in foreign direct investments and multinational corporation, Enhance the development of communication and transport technology, privatization of public sectors services Internationalization of financial markets. The impact of globalization can be both positive and negative, the positive side can be seen the potential of generating wealth and improving the living standards of a country. Countries that have the skill and resources are able to take advantage of the opportunities provided by global market. However, it seems to be flaws for countries that do not fall into this category. Globalisation can be said to have increase the gap between of poor and rich people, this can be seen through policies that are drives globalization process in the matter of business and not for the people. Globalisation is not entirely positive or negative, below are the point of view of people regarding the debate of globalization. Positive view Globalization is about worldwide economic activity about open markets, competition and the free flow of goods, services, capital and knowledge. Consumers are its principal beneficiary. Its benefits in terms of faster growth, quicker access to new technology, cheaper imports and greater competition are available for all. Globalization has made the world economy more efficient and has created hundreds of millions of jobs, mainly, but not only, in developing countries. It generates an upward spiral of jobs and prosperity for countries that embrace the process, although the advantages will not reach everybody at the same time. ICC (International Chamber of Commerce) brief on globalization, Nov 2000 Negative view What are doing, in the name of globalisation, to the poor is brutaland unforgivable. This is especially evident in India as we witnessthe unfolding disasters of globalisation, especially in food and agriculture.Dr Vandana Shiva, environmentalist Introduction: Unilever as an MNC Unilever was form in year 1930 through merger by Lever Brother in British and Marganie Unie of the Dutch and now Unilever is based in London.Unilever is one of the fast moving consumer goods (FMNG) in the world. They offer a wide range of products in food, beverages, personal care products and many more. The success story of Unilever can be seen in the annual turnover in the year 2009 which is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬39.8billion worldwide and employs 163,000 employees around the world. Unilever established as a MNC because they have a headquarter in London, United Kingdom while other businesses operating in other countries. Here we will study how globalization and Unilever gives impact to the society as a whole. Macro-environment for Unilever in host country (PEST analysis) : Political Unilever being a MNC company in the world does not support any political parties whose activities is to promote the party interest, this is because they believe that the business they operate in must be behave with honesty , integrity and openness. However, the political trends still affects Unilever for example in UK where the headquarter is situated. In early February 2010, Unilever has been burden by the increase of taxation by the UK government. Initially, the company is already facing economic instability because consumer is unwillingly to spend more money. Paul Polman, the chief executive said that the daily mail, If on top of that we would get an additional regulatory or tax environment that would make us non-competitive that would be unfortunate for the UK. Mr. Polman is worried with the increase of taxation; Unilever has to pay even more into for expenditure cost for research laboratories, manufacturing facilities and more. The graph above shows us the expenditure cost of Unilever from year 2000 to 2009. From year 2000 until 2004, Unilever has been less on expenditure such as manufacturing facilities, and research and development sector. As of year 2004 onwards the cost has been increasing yearly until 1,700 (million) and with the recent increase of taxation in UK, Unilever will have to spend more on expenditure cost in the year to come. This would improve the competitiveness of Unilever with other competitors as the firm is facing massive problems to deal with higher taxation, which will result in lower profit gained. This would be a motivational factor for the firm to encounter the problem by setting effective strategies to sustain such taxation rate at the same time remain competitive from price aspect. For instance, Unilever has implemented several technologies pallet live storage system from Bitto Storage System Ltd to store frozen products. Economic environment In the economic environment, Unilever generates wealth by adding value to raw materials, and manufacturing their product for the consumers. The parties that are involve in the economic environment is their employees, government, investors, and many more communities that benefits from the activities of the company. This graph shows the parties that benefit from the activities that are ventured by Unilever in UK. Despite the economic instability that happens in decades, Unilever is still able to generate an operating profit of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5,020 and sales of à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ 39,823 million in 2009. This graph shows us that the employees gain the biggest share of the company which is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬5.2billion, whereas the least share is earn by the local communities which is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬89million. The provider of capital obtains the 2nd highest share which is à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬2.5billion and the governments gain à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬959million from the company in the form of corporation tax that is issued by the government. Sociological Environment Making a difference in society is one of Unilevers biggest aim because they want to deliver the best and to give back to the society that has been supporting the success of Unilever. Unilever will be focusing on 4 elements which is giving more choice to consumers, focusing more on research and development on healthier products, to provide nutrition information to the understanding of consumers and also improving nutrition quality of their products. In order to improve the nutritional quality of the product and maintaining the taste , It is estimated that reduction of salt intake by 1g can reduce the chances of strokes by 5% and heart attack by 3 % reducing salt by as little 1 g. The Nutrition Enhancement Programme has come up with a strategy known as salt reduction strategy , in this strategy it states that in 2009 we set product benchmarks to achieve a dietary intake of 6 g of salt per day by the end of 2010, with the ambition to reduce further to5 g per day by the end of 2015. This graph clearly shows that Unilever has taken the responsibility in giving consumer to make healthier choices. Unilever has come up with healthier products and also providing the health information on the products so that consumer will understand the content of nutrient in the product. For example, Knorr is one of Unilevers famous food solution brands in UK, all crouton varieties are now containing less 70% less saturated fats and up to 40% less sodium. Unilever has also extended their impact by working together with World Food Programme (WFP) where they support developing countries and improving the health and nutrition of product. In order to reach out to the people , Unilever in UK has donated à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬500,00 through global partnership and with (WFP). They also encourage people to donate through website to the Haitis earthquake disaster relieve cost. Unilever also had donated soap and Puriet ( water purifier that does not need pressured water and or electricity. Technology Environment In the technology sector, Unilever has been spending in the area of e-business to improve brands communication and market through internet, and also making transaction simple along chain. Unilever Technology has work together with Unilever R D group in order to meet consumers needs. In the year 2003, Unilever introduce the new pallet live storage system from Bitto Storage System Ltd. The purpose of this technology is to store frozen products. Plans are being made to improve IT infrastructure in Unilever. For example, increment in the energy-efficiency of data centers and applying power management strategies. Tele presence video conferencing is also applied in order to reduce the impact of business travelling. Telepresence has been generated in 13 countries and plan to add another 39 countries in 2010. This technology have helped us to reduce our emission by 4,230 tonnes and save up to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬12 million in travel cost for the year 2010 . PEST of Unilever in different countries Political Unilever in Nigeria are now facing with difficult time this is because of the governments policy such as indigenization, nationalization and also to deplore state infrastructure The effect of this has made given Unilever with no choice but to consider pulling out of Nigeria and relocate themselves to Ghana. Unilever chose to leave is because there is no commitment made to the deplorable state of basic infrastructure in the country that causes a big loss to the business. Moving on, Unilever is also losing business because the inadequate power supply which has cost billion of naira and multiple taxation from regime in Nigeria has reduce the profit made drastically. The government of Nigeria should intervene this issue of basic infrastructure and develop the necessity needed before Unilever pulls out and cause bigger lose to the country such as increase in the rate of unemployment and living standard of the people can be advance. Economic The market environment is highly competitive in the Western Europe and this has disrupted the market of Unilever, one of Unilevers main competitors in the Western Europe would be Procter Gamble (PG). EU free trade policy has also affected the profit potential of Unilever. Products are also force to reduce in price by retailers, and due to current economic tide many consumer are unwilling to purchase expensive products. In developing countries (Asia and Africa), where political instability, Unilever has come up with strategies in order to maintain the momentum of profitability. Example, some products are in small packages for low income earner for affordability, and this has help to increase the profit and at the same time increase the hygiene level of the people. Due to inflation and fluctuation of currency Unilever in some country such as Nigeria to be precise has suffered a decrease in profit in 2005 compared to 2004. Graph below will show the turnover of Unilever in Nigeria. This graph will show us the turnover in 2004 and 2005 is N3.34 billion (naira) and N2.56billion (naira) respectively. The profit after tax is N2.17billion (naira) and N1.61billion (naira) respectively in the year 2004 and 2005. From here we can conclude there is a decrease in profit in Unilever of Nigeria. Low per capital income of the people has also affected the market of Unilever because over 30% of African population lives on less than $1 per day. This would highly affect Unilevers competitiveness in the industry as it is important for an international firm to encounter every fluctuation in business, either currency or increment in taxation. It shows that Unilever has implemented a brilliant strategy to encounter the price factor for products, which is changing the packaging to affordable price by reducing the size, consumers crave for Unilevers product can still be fulfilled. As shown above, turnover for Unilever has increased tremendously even after 2005 which show Unilever is capable and competitive to maintain its business level. Socio-cultural Unilever has done their part to maintain the socio-cultural environment with its sustainability development. The company has been working very hard to bring improvement hygiene and better nutrition to the people in Asia, Africa and Latin America. Over 30% of Africa population lives on less than $1 per day. The awareness for people regarding hygiene and nutrition is very important and this has given the opportunity to strengthen their goodwill. However, marketing vehicles such as advertisement in print media has been overcome with challenges such as low workforce. Therefore, employment of more resources is very important for instance face-to-face communication to increase the awareness of the people. Unilever has also employed 100 nationalities to ensure diversity between employees and consumers. The major strategy that is use by Unilever is a diversity toolkit which is use to manage and leverage diversity that increases high demand of their products in the developing and emerging market. Unilever has also extended their impact by working together with World Food Programme (WFP) where they support developing countries and improving the health and nutrition of product. In order to reach out to the people, Unilever in UK has donated à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬500, 00 through global partnership and with (WFP). They also encourage people to donate through website to the Haitis earthquake disaster relieve cost. Unilever also had donated soap and Puriet (water purifier that does not need pressured water and or electricity. This would align with sustainable environmental outcome that is increasingly important globally because the firm has implemented several remedies in enhancing its sustainable development from human rights, community services and environmental aspects, such as donations and activities to increase cleanliness awareness among the African nation. Technology Since in 2000, Unilever has been spending on IT to enhance the development of its business, mainly giving priority to the e-business sector as to improve brands communication and market through the blooming of internet as making transaction simple along chain. Unilever Technology has work together with Unilever R D group in order to meet consumers needs. In the year 2003, Unilever introduce the new pallet live storage system from Bitto Storage System Ltd. The purpose of this technology is to store frozen products. Plans are being made to improve IT infrastructure in Unilever. For example, increment in the energy-efficiency of data centres and applying power management strategies. Tele presence video conferencing is also applied in order to reduce the impact of business travelling. Telepresence has been generated in 13 countries and plan to add another 39 countries in 2010. This technology has helped us to reduce our emission by 4,230 tonnes and save up to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬12 million in travel cost for the year 2010. Sustainable development from environmental aspect can be seen as an important element for Unilever in improving its technology to reduce pollution towards the environment. The technologies implemented are highly effective in reducing pollution caused by the business and this is affected by the increment in awareness of environmental issues globally in recent decades for positive environmental outcomes. Impact of globalization: The people around the world have always given the opportunity to exchange goods, services, culture, and knowledge with each other. However, recent technology and reduce of barriers has increase the exchange rate in recent years. This has given markets challenges, big markets means earning more money and interrelated to greater wealth generation for investing in development and reducing poverty, whereas weak domestic policies and trade barriers has stop a country from being flexible and fail to take the opportunity to maximise the benefits and minimise economic downfall. Below is table that shows the impacts generated by the globalisation process. Positive impact Enhancing competitionin recent decade is always a factor for firms to set effective strategies to remain competitive and also gaining additional profit in the future. Through competition, can help promote efficiency and productivity for the business, with different challenges that an international firm has to encounter to maintain its business activities and profit because business strategy is crucial in order to excel as it would improve business systems and practices. Improved environmental awareness and accountability has contributed to positive environmental outcomesby encouraging the use of more efficient, less-polluting technologies and facilitating economiesimports of renewable substitutes for use in place of scarce domestic natural resources. Negative impact The income earned by individuals will decrease due to the economy fluctuation and also low profit for a firm. This could be seen during economy fluctuation where employees salary is cut and increment in unemployment. Therefore, the economy will not be improved. Sustainable developmentis increasingly important because it is not only about how well a business runs, instead, how well the people is being treated. Human rights are also included in this section where fairness in treatment and other necessities of an employee or customer must be fulfilled. Potential impact of globalisation: Technology Unilevers technology is very important to maintain the momentum to generate profit. New technology in the business which has branches globally will impact the productivity and encourage effectiveness as it will improve the living standard of the people. Existing technologies has consume large amount of energy and chemical in producing products and as a result produce large amount of wastage of water. Unilever has co-operated with Voltea Limited in order to save the usage of water. Volteas breakthrough Capacitive Deionzation (CapDI) is the first desalination system that is able to recovery high water usage and also operates without producing any chemical that might pollute the water. In addition, this system has substantially reduced energy in production of products. The technology will soon be implemented by other businesses globally under the influence of Unilever, which was earlier to alter Unilevers host countries technology. CEO of Voltea Michiel Lensink has said, Working with in dustry leaders, our technology has proven itself to be a breakthrough in low-energy, low-cost water desalination. As we continue our growth, we are keen to seek out industry leading partners who can further strengthen our position. Clean water is essential in sustaining agriculture such as tea production in Lipton tea on of Unilevers top leading beverage brand. Sustainable development Unilever has made approach in making tomorrow a better day. With their tag line creating a better future everyday shows that they have venture into enhancing the development of society. For the hygiene concern, Unilever are able to change the hygiene behaviour of 1 billion people in the future with emphasising on hygiene education programmes on developing countries such as Pakistan, African and also Sri Lanka. Reduction in the rate of carbon dioxide, water usage, and chemical waste will continue in the manufacturing operation because up to 2009, Unilever has manage to save up to 15% of water usage and reduce 25% of carbon dioxide emission to the environment. This would effectively influence lifestyle of undeveloped countries and areas globally as these countries deserve to have better living standards under global effort by Multinational Corporation. Changes in Lifestyle Change in lifestyle is a crucial factor in globalisation because the benefit that consumers extract from tea would affect the health of younger generation and consumption pattern of tea. Health is more important as time goes, tea is better than coffee from benefit because study has shown that tea containing anti-oxidant that can reduce the rate of getting a heart attack and cancer. Lipton tea can also change the lifestyle of older adults enjoying the fact that a modest price for a cup of tea and snack , they can meet up with friends and family members instead of going to a bar and paying for an alcoholic drink that does not even bring much health benefits compare to what tea has to offer. People in recent decade has identify the importance of healthy living which therefore act as an indirect force to encourage tea consumption worldwide, as compared to coffee that would carries negative impact on health. Tea consumption http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4343e/y4343e05.htm Tea exports http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/y4343e/y4343e05.htm Graphs above demonstrated the tea consumption that is increasing tremendously. World tea consumption and exports are both playing a relatively profitable business. Strategy for globalisation: Unilever has applied several remedies and improvement in business activity in order to sustain globalisation that will give enormous impact to its business. Personal care for future sales growth and profitability Unilever has identified the key to achieve sustainable profitable growth through its personal care business segment as it generate the fastest-growing business compared to other sector such as food and beverages. Personal care business refers to the products that are self managed, such as hair shampoo and skin care products. This is because the demand for these products in the market has been increasing, as well as the existing sales from this segment is satisfying. However, Unilevers greatest rival Procter Gamble (PG) for many years have been more innovative and creative in introducing new products. In the previous year in the personal care sale increase only by 1.4% to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬11.30billion while overall turnover rose by 1.4% to à ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬40.2 billion. In order for creating future sales growth, Unilever will focus more personal care segment for future sale growth and sustaining profit from increasing raw material cost. Graph below shows the revenue increment in Unilever s products line, including personal care segments. http://www.goldmood.com/cosmos/h/UL.html External Pressure and Organisational Restructuring High cost of raw material, adverse exchange rates and macroeconomic worries such as politic and regulation of countries might affect the performance of Unilever. In order to secure generation of profit and sustaining raw material cost Unilever has come up with few strategies. Unilever has to reduce 20,000 jobs across its production division and combine its Personal Care and food sector into one category to reduce cost that will be delivered to consumer. Unilever has come up with Path to Growth strategy that promises improvement in its performances. This strategy will help the organisation to restructure its two global divisions, Home Personal Care and Food into one division. This would effectively lower production costs that will be implied into price of the products and influence consumers consumption from price aspect. Price is a crucial matter to consumers due to economy fluctuation that will affect lower spending power. Restructuring Unilever Unilevers CEO Patrick Cescau has announce that Unilever will be changing their management structure in order to focus on developing markets and promoting executives with experience in that environment. This is due to the reason of constant change in global business activity which makes Unilevers management structure less effective to cope with latter business strategy. Centralising management has combined its central and Eastern Europe division will allow emerging economies to share similar consumer traits and potential for growth, as well as combining the cost that the firm has to sustain for distance management. Besides, combination of Home Personal Care and food sector is the companys effort to increase its profitability in profit by reducing production cost from workforce aspect. This is because the cost that will be delivered to consumer will be lower and make products affordable for consumers to purchase. glohttp://business-strategy-case.blogspot.com/2008/04/unilever-business-strategy-2008.html http://www.unilever.com/sustainability/strategy/

The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and Maintain a

The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and Maintain an Effective Working Relationship In this essay I have chosen to explore the skills and qualities required to establish and maintain an effective working relationship with my mentor in practice in the role of supervisee. I will discuss communication skills, willingness to learn, self-awareness, assertiveness, open-mindedness, reflective skills as criteria of mentee to establish working relationship with mentor. The term mentor originates from Greek mythology, was first introduce in academic and business world of north America (Laurent 1998) used in United Kingdom with the implementation of project 2000 in the national health service (Bracken 1989) to help smooth transition from student to professional. (Philips et al 1996, Grey M and Smith1999). The dictionary defines a mentor as a trusted counselor or guide. A mentor is generally an influential, experienced individual with whom mentee establish a personal relationship and who actively helps mentee reach their goals. The terms mentorship are designated to staff nurses who engage in a multitude of roles supporting student nurses in the clinical setting. (Quinn2000). And reducing the theory practice gap (Earnsaw 1995). Mentorship is a mechanism that promotes safe and effective practice, maintains standards and accountability, and develops nurse practitioners autonomy. Proctor (1998) has grouped supervisees' skills under three functions: formative, supportive and normative. Supervisee should be keen, capable, trustworthy, attentive, ... ...ellor:Acyclical Model. 2nd Edition. London. Roultedge. Power S (1999) Nursing Supervision. A guide for clinical practice. London: Sage. Proctor (1988) supervision: a working alliance. London: Alexia, Scanlon C, Weir W S (197) learning from practice? Mental health nurses' perceptions and experiences of clinical supervision. Journal of advanced nursing 26,295-303. Watson N. A., 1999. Mentoring today-the students' views. An investigative case study of pre-registration nursing students' experiences and perceptions of mentoring in one theory/practice module of the Common Foundation Programme on a Project 2000 course. Journal of Advanced Nursing 29, pp. 254-262. Wong S (1979) Nurse teacher behaviour in clinical field:Apparent effects on nursing students' learning. Journal of advance learning, 3 ,369-378 The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and Maintain a The Skills and Qualities Necessary Required to Establish and Maintain an Effective Working Relationship In this essay I have chosen to explore the skills and qualities required to establish and maintain an effective working relationship with my mentor in practice in the role of supervisee. I will discuss communication skills, willingness to learn, self-awareness, assertiveness, open-mindedness, reflective skills as criteria of mentee to establish working relationship with mentor. The term mentor originates from Greek mythology, was first introduce in academic and business world of north America (Laurent 1998) used in United Kingdom with the implementation of project 2000 in the national health service (Bracken 1989) to help smooth transition from student to professional. (Philips et al 1996, Grey M and Smith1999). The dictionary defines a mentor as a trusted counselor or guide. A mentor is generally an influential, experienced individual with whom mentee establish a personal relationship and who actively helps mentee reach their goals. The terms mentorship are designated to staff nurses who engage in a multitude of roles supporting student nurses in the clinical setting. (Quinn2000). And reducing the theory practice gap (Earnsaw 1995). Mentorship is a mechanism that promotes safe and effective practice, maintains standards and accountability, and develops nurse practitioners autonomy. Proctor (1998) has grouped supervisees' skills under three functions: formative, supportive and normative. Supervisee should be keen, capable, trustworthy, attentive, ... ...ellor:Acyclical Model. 2nd Edition. London. Roultedge. Power S (1999) Nursing Supervision. A guide for clinical practice. London: Sage. Proctor (1988) supervision: a working alliance. London: Alexia, Scanlon C, Weir W S (197) learning from practice? Mental health nurses' perceptions and experiences of clinical supervision. Journal of advanced nursing 26,295-303. Watson N. A., 1999. Mentoring today-the students' views. An investigative case study of pre-registration nursing students' experiences and perceptions of mentoring in one theory/practice module of the Common Foundation Programme on a Project 2000 course. Journal of Advanced Nursing 29, pp. 254-262. Wong S (1979) Nurse teacher behaviour in clinical field:Apparent effects on nursing students' learning. Journal of advance learning, 3 ,369-378