Lewins Model of Organisational Change Essay

Example of repositioning Another current example is McDonalds who has lost touch with consumers and global changing needs of consumers (health issue) and are trying to reposition themselves capitalising on their competencies like store location and convenience to update their brand offerings. A brand’s market share and profitability may be strengthened by repositioning. Repositioning can be accomplished by: – physically changing the product – changing the price – changing distribution – changing image through promotional efforts – aiming product at a different target market Repositioning When a product or brand’s position creates an unfavorable circumstance, the company’s marketing team may seek to reposition it. Repositioning is the process of changing consumer perceptions of a brand relative to competitors. It involves a sweeping process that must be implemented at the strategic level, thereby affecting every part of the company. It cannot simply be a marketing ploy, which might arouse the suspicions of consumers. Repositioning is the process of changing consumer perceptions of a brand relative to competitors. In the positioning map shown in Figure 5.9, Nissan did not have an advantage with regard to either safety or speed. The marketing department, after seeing the results, might try to reposition Nissan on the variable of safety. Repositioning would involve improvements in the safety features of the automobile (in the design and manufacturing departments), a promotional campaign to inform consumers of these changes (marketing), public relations releases announcing the results of new safety tests when they favor the company, and an overall company focus on safety. Such a strategy includes informing all employees about the new approach and rewarding those who suggest innovations and improvements related to safety of the automobiles.  If successful, a future positioning map would show Nissan moving up on perceptions of safety. The Hyundai example from earlier in this chapter serves as an example of effective repositioning. The company moved from perceptions of being cheap and low quality to a new position based on improved consumer perceptions of quality. Product re-positioning Sometimes during its existence, a company may notice that its products’ image is outdated, or can be improved. Then the company starts re-positioning its products in customer’s perception. Re-positioning consists in identifying a new, unoccupied market position and promoting the product based on the new criteria. Re-positioning is suitable for minimizing company’s own products’ competition. The business is trying to make a difference in the way the consumers perceive the similar products they furnish. Re-positioning requires a sustained promotional campaign and bring forward many risks.

Habitat for Humanity Essay

Habitat for Humanity originated at Koinonia Farm, which is a small Christian farming community located outside of Americus, Georgia. Clarence Jordan brought the idea to Millard Fuller, who is the founder and president of Habitat for Humanity International. They developed the idea of â€Å"partnership housing,† calling for families in need of a home to partner with volunteers to build affordable homes. In 1975 Fuller and his wife Linda established Habitat for Humanity with one clear vision in mind â€Å"a world where everyone has a decent place to live.† Habitat’s ministry is based on the conviction that to follow the teachings of Jesus Christ we must reflect Christ’s love in our own lives by loving and caring for one another. Our love must not be words only – it must be true love, which shows itself in action, this is the full forces that lead Fuller and his wife to establish this organization. Habitat provides an opportunity for people to put their faith and love into action, bringing diverse groups of people together to make affordable housing and better communities a reality for everyone. The idea of Habitat for Humanity is to work in partnership with God and people to build decent, affordable, houses in which people can live and grow into all what God has intended. The Fuller’s vision has become a successful reality that has presently helped build over 500,000 homes and helped over 2.5 million people worldwide. Habitat for humanity is operated based on two main sources: donations and mortgage payments of the homeowners. Donations generate from individuals, foundations, and businesses – their monies are used to purchase land and materials. The no-interest mortgage payments made by current Habitat homeowners greatly contribute to support the construction of additional Habitat homes. Some organizations such as Ameri-Corp may pay their volunteers with school courses and materials in return for their time. Habitat for Humanity’s crucial point is not just to build a house and help people to be under a roof, but their main goal is to build a clean, dece nt, and stable house for families: these families can provide stability to their children, the sense of dignity and pride grows for these families; health, physical safety, and security improves, educational and job prospects. My experience at Habitat for Humanity was a powerful and passionate one. Amazingly, one of the most precious gifts we can give one another is – time. A couple of hours or days can translate into a lifetime of hopefulness and commitment to strive and I had the opportunity to experience this reality, throughout my experience at the Habitat. I have learned what the meaning of passion is mainly because I’ve had the genuine sentiment to finish the work I’ve started, along with many other people that shared this experience with me. The other thing that I discovered about passion is how easy it is to be a family with people you have met for the first time if you open your heart to them and let them be part of your life. The other thing I found about passion is the skills that I have that would help to repair the universe. In this experience I found something that has deepened my faith that God created each one of us uniquely with specific skills that not everybody has; therefore, this experience helped me to find skills that I am going to use to help building the world again with passion and also the experience and realize that the simple usage of my hands can a the life of a family. The people that I met at Habitat for Humanity were dedicated to their jobs. As I approached the job site, I noticed several groups of people who were putting their time and organization into this home-building project. They invested hundreds of hours of sweat into building houses to help low income families. Some days, community volunteers spend more than eight hours working on the houses. To complete their jobs, volunteers overcame obstacles such as: lack of supplies, unusable wood, and lack of enough workers. The employees and volunteers I met were motivated to overcome obstacles to help families in need. Though they may not have had the best materials, they used what they had in order to complete the job. Many of these materials come from the Re-Store; this store sells donations mostly given by the community. The funds collected are used for materials and other services that are required. Volunteers must be willing to work in the heat and endure a lot of intense physical labor. Wall-framing, installing dry wall, plumbing and roofing are skills that the organization needs from volunteers. The volunteers I worked with were willing to endure the heat and physical labor in order to help low income families who need a home. If you are looking for a place where you can make a huge impact on society, Habitat for Humanity is the place. People of all backgrounds, races, and religions are invited to build houses for people in our community. Habitat for Humanity is capable of working with each volunteer’s skill level. Don’t be afraid of hard work. No matter what goes on in your life, you will always remember all of the positive things you have done to help out in your community. In conclusion, Habitat for Humanity does such essential work and by that work they recognize the concept of passion and Christianity, and the other thing about them is they recognize that there are needs in the world and these needs should be met with their work. My experience helped me change my idea about service and the real meaning of service, and it let me be familiar with the big three R’s- restoration, reparation, and reconciliation – that are the keys for service. The three R’s were spoken among many of the volunteers that I met, indeed the R’s simply describe this experience, the other thing I found is that dedicating myself is another important part of service because without dedicating myself, the work that we need to do to repair the universe would not be as perfect as how it should be.

A Study On Corporal Punishment Sociology Essay

A Study On Corporal Punishment Sociology Essay Do parents think corporal punishment is an effective form of discipline? Corporal punishment plays an important role in today’s society. It affects the parents’ attitudes physically and physiologically. Academic studies have established that under some circumstances, corporal punishment of children can increase short term compliance with parental commands (Smith, Ray, Stefurak, however, subsequent investigators brought forth a counter argument to some of the different views that were held. These revisionist scholars developed different hypotheses from finding new discoveries as well, such as, if corporal punishment caused parents to become abusive and to what extent parents employed corporal punishment. They used questionnaires and surveys for parents from different demographic regions such as the Appalachian, New England, Midwest, and the Deep South to use as sample population test groups. The population group was sub-categorized by gender, race, and social status. T he researchers’ findings gave the participants the chance to understand if corporal punishment is the best solution for changing a child’s behavior and if they are using corporal punishment for the wrong purposes. One group of researchers discovered that the parental characteristics showed that older parents are less likely to use corporal punishment and that mothers spank more often than fathers (Socolar et al. 2006). Another group of scholars found that a small portion of Appalachian mothers tend to agree with them. From their questionnaire, mothers reported using corporal punishment more frequently than using reasoning and rewards (Fish, Amerikaner, & Conrae, 2006). Other reports suggested mothers were more likely to use corporal punishment if the degree of misbehavior evolved into a power struggle. Physical punishment was indicated as the last resort for gaining control in a disciplinary situation (Smith et al. 2007).

Navigating Information Technology Management and Communication in the Research Paper

Navigating Information Technology Management and Communication in the new global economy - Research Paper Example In order to undertake these strategies communication effectiveness becomes a determining factor. Effective communications and information technologies can enable an organization to make a successful acquisition and enter a foreign market or even share workers with other organizations. The downside of this is that there are many issues that may dodge the realization of such benefits. Some of these issues that pose challenges include language barriers, cultural differences and security risks in the form of economic fluctuations and social unrests (Frynas and Mellahi, 2011). This paper investigates and identifies information technology and communication challenges and then provides recommendations in form of the best practices so that organizations can dodge these potential for failure. Information technology has been growing exponentially in the last three decades. This has enabled companies to penetrate the markets that were once out of reach. The US, for instance, had its major trading partners in the Western European countries, Australia, and China (Sekkat, 2010). With the growth of information technology and the apparent saturation of the domestic market, business organizations are now looking at emerging markets such as Brazil, India and many Asian and African countries. These countries are increasingly adopting information technologies and this makes them viable business partners (Meyer and Wit, 2004). Their potentials have not been tapped yet and this provides an opportunity for multinational organizations to maximize their profitability. However, the issues that are going to be discussed herein after may necessitate an organization to develop strategies in order to survive in these foreign countries with different languages, diverse cultural backgrounds an d economic environments and volatility. Organizations that have been able to develop business and corporate strategies

Learning and Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words - 1

Learning and Development - Essay Example The primary concern of the business is the human resource pool and as a store manager, Douglas Forbes should confront the business concerns and provide solutions. Problems of poor human resource pool of Fair Price Stores can be linked to the process of selection and hiring of its employees. If proper screening has been undertaken for the recruitment process, the human resource pool of the company should not have been a problem. To address the issue of poor level of supervisory skills, everything should start in the process where employees are being selected. The people are the most important asset of the business and effective human resource management can help establish an important strategic tool and sustainable competitive advantage for the company. As Douglas Forbes, I will be tackling the issues in a systematic manner. A human resource management process should deal with the problem of incompetency. Activities should be laid out for staffing the organization and sustaining high employee performance. Human resource planning should be given priority for a manager to ensure that the right number and kinds of people are in the right places at the right time that is capable of effectively and efficiently perform assigned tasks. It is evident that the current human resource inventory of the company lacks the essential qualities to help the business succeed. As a manager, a clear delineation of jobs should be done to help the employees understand their functions. The job description for each employee should be discussed to them for them to know the requirements of the job assigned to them, how it is done and the reason why it is done. It will guide the employee on their performance of their jobs. A job specification should be stated during the hiring process to provide information on the minimum qualifications that a person must possess to perform a given job

Looking for Freud Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Looking for Freud - Essay Example As it is hard sometimes to be true to oneself, acceptance of what one's life has been is an important key.Looking into Freud's stages of psychosexual development, his contribution to developmental psychology, I cannot recall if I indeed have gone through the oral and anal stages. Maybe I was too young to remember. But I distinctly remember going through the "feminine Oedipus attitude" phase or Elektra complex as how Carl Jung called it. According to Freud, this happens during the phallic stage (Boeree). When I was five years old, I remember I was so attached to my father. This romantic attachment by a daughter to her father is also described by Dr. Spock, in his book Baby and Child Care, as a natural stage in a female child's development. Freud also posited the idea that if one had problems in these psychosexual stages, these problems will be manifested into fixations and will affect one's character development. In my experience when I was in the feminine Oedipal attitude or the Elek tra complex stage, I perceived that my father favored me over my mother. Because of these, I became quite self-centered and vain during my teens to early adulthood. But as aged, I learned to veer away from these attitudes

Monetarization of Environmental Assets Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Monetarization of Environmental Assets - Essay Example While this approach was reasonable in the past, the industrial revolution and its associated effects such as increased rate of population growth started to cause a substantial degree of human impact on the environment. Over the past two centuries, it has become increasingly clear to most environmentalists that human impacts on the environment are irreversible and this might eventually limit the ability of humans to continue thriving on the planet (Khalil, 1999). Over a period spanning the last three decades, there has been a global concern over this problem and the search is currently underway for the establishment of strategies that will aid in the minimization of human impacts on the environment while at the same time improving the quality of life of the billions of people that are currently living in abject poverty across the globe.Cost-benefit analysis is generally a comparison of the various increases in human well-being (benefits) and the reductions that humanity experiences in social welfare (costs) as applied to a given policy or action.In this regard, for a given policy or project to be able to qualify as being viable as based on cost-benefit grounds, its total social benefits must be found to exceed its total social costs. Whereas cost-benefit analysis is usually conducted for the specific project, the scope of this analysis can easily be extended to wider limits such as the assessment of the policies that have been designed to aid in the combating of climate change (OECD, 2007).

Extra Credit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Extra Credit - Essay Example With the carbon emission levels this was a brilliant idea by Schofield Honda. The cars’ intended audience was the youth but surprisingly the first buyers turned out to be just â€Å"young† at heart. Lee Lindquist, an alternative fuels specialist at Schofield Honda in Wichita, Kansas. His love for technology, Research and Environment pushed him to make great differences at his work. He discovered that Honda Civic GX was the greenest model available for sale in the United States then. He couldn’t believe the car had been in market for over ten years and the market response was not that impressing. The main challenge being lack of natural gas fueling stations. The cost of purchasing and installing individual fueling stations for home use, the company however grounded a perfect chance to launch the green car to the public. Following the rising fuel costs in Europe, the car initially purposed to curb carbon emissions found another mission. This time it was in Europe, fuel costs here were on a drastic rise therefore Lee saw it wise to sell the vehicles to Europe to combat the rising fuel costs and this was a success. Lee advised, Schofield, the managing director at Schofield Honda to donate a Civic GX and a fueling station in the Tornado Hit Greensburg Greentown, the organization set up to educate the town’s residents about green building methods and products. The media attention surrounding Greensburg pushed Schofield to open up for Lee’s idea. Greensburg residents together with the whole country were able to know of Honda’s efforts in Environmental conservation. Just as Schofield said, â€Å"Business involves investment in change† he did invest in change and has no regrets about it, though he admits to having doubts at first. Ever since the Donation, Schofield Honda’s customers have expressed more interest in hybrid cars and the Donation to Greensburg presented good Public relation to

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 12

History - Essay Example According to this treaty Germany forced to accept sole responsibility for causing the war and to disarm, make substantial territorial concessions and pay heavy reparations to certain countries. Around 132 billion Marks which are roughly equivalent to US$ 385 billion at present were levied upon Germany as the compensation amount which really hurt the Germans. Moreover, this treaty presented for German leaders to sign on May 7, 1919, forced Germany to concede territories to Belgium (Eupen-Malmà ©dy), Czechoslovakia (the Hultschin district), and Poland (Poznan [German: Posen], West Prussia and Upper Silesia)† (Treaty of Versailles, 1919). In short, "The Versailles Treaty system was intended to be a peace agreement between the Allies and a defeated Germany and the Central Powers, instead it created political and economic chaos, contributing directly to the rise of Mussolini and Hitler. This paper briefly analyses the role of The Versailles Treaty system in contributing to the rise of Hitler and Mussolini and the subsequent World War 2. One of the major aims of the peace treaty â€Å"The Treaty of Versailles† in 1919, which ended the World War 1 between Germany and allied forces, was the disarmament of Germany. However, Germans always had a feeling of superiority in their minds. The conditions they succumbed to accept as part of this treaty were intolerable to their pride and superiority feeling. When Hitler came into the power he has taken every step to regain the lost prides of the Germans. He deliberately started to violate the conditions of The Treaty of Versailles. In 1922, Benito Mussolini and his Fascist Party succeeded in capturing the power in Italy. Fascism and Nazism have more similarities than differences which helped Hitler and Mussolini to work together against the allied powers. Fascism and Nazism were entirely different from capitalism, communism and democracy. Fascism was driven by a sense of belligerent

Law AS - causation model answer Essay Example for Free

Law AS causation model answer Essay There are two types of causation which are necessary to establish criminal liability. These are factual causation and cause in law (also known as legal causation). Factual causation means that the defendant can only be found guilty if the consequence would not have happened ‘but for’ the defendant’s conduct. This was seen in the case of Pagett (1982). Similarly, a defendant cannot be found guilty if the victim’s death was unrelated to the defendant’s actions (as in White, 1910). Legal causation, where the actions of D must be found to have caused the consequence, can be established as long as the ‘chain of causation’ (between the act and the consequence) has not been broken. There are a number of ways in which this chain can be broken,: Firstly, through the act of a third party, an example of which is medical treatment that is deemed to be ‘palpably wrong’ such as that seen in Jordan (1956); Secondly, where the victim’s own act is so daft as to not be reasonably expected, as seen in Williams (1992); Finally, as a result of a natural but unpredictable event, such as a flood or an earthquake. Despite external factors, the chain of causation is not deemed to have been broken as long as the D’s actions are more than a ‘minimal’ cause of the consequence. Similarly, the defendant must also take the defendant as they find them. This is known as the ‘thin skull rule’ (as seen in Blaue 1975), meaning that there is legal causation even if D’s actions would not have caused those consequences in a regular or normal person.

House of Power Westminster

House of Power Westminster Parliament at Westminster remains the most powerful institution in UK politics.’ To  what extent do you consider this to be true? This essay I am going to defend that Westminster is not the most powerful institution and in fact, its dependant on the composition of the house of Commons for it is just an instrument to enact the wish of the political party in power. In this essay I am going to relate Westminster having the main role when controlling institution as a way to determine real power. In the first part of the essay I will establish relationship between the Executive powers, and how the structure of the secondary election of the Prime minister affects the power of Westminster. In the second part of the essay I will discuss the transposition of the European Union (EU) laws and how this reduces the reach of the legislative power in the United Kingdom legislative power in certain matters. Legislative power is defined as the ability, skill, capability or authorization to carry out a specific legislative action,. Note that the uncodified constitutional configuration allows high regulation capacity because Westminster law become Constitutional Law. This kind of constitutional order permits an evolution in the same time of social thinking evolution, and adapt the social changes, such as changes from censatarian masculine suffrage (1831), and ultimately to universal suffrage(1970), or if the most recent devolution of powers to the nations inside the UK at the ends of 1997-98, all this crucial changes by the willingness Westminster. UK constitutional practice is the product of an historical experience with laws, customs and conventions being added to and subtracted from it over time as circumstances dictate (Politics and power in the UK, 2005, p.19) In addition it has also the ability, to reverse the changes and return to the absolute realm structure, although hardly on the political culture of citizenship possible, if It has the society will. This complete freedom to regulate could be the only point that could lead us to the conclusion of the supremacy of the legislative power. While the capabilities or the legitimation of the legislative power are vested in Westminster, this is who lays down rules as an institution, is not who has the power. It is the instrument of the law enactment. UK’s unified parliamentary government facilitates the fusion of the executive (the government) and the legislature (parliament).UK politics are primarily conducted between the executive and the legislative branches,[], the UK model of democracy facilitates executive dominance over the legislature (but provided the executive has a parliamentary majority)(Politics and power in the UK, 2005, p. 15) The electoral system is the first point to considerate, is how the Westminster it is compose, the electoral system is characteristic of Majoritarian Democratic System, Single Member Plurality System (SMPS). This system brings an over representative of the big parties, and event in theory brings a territorial representationally, in our days of a mass media politics it just make easier to concentrate in one party all the electoral power. The actual Executive power it is a coalition of Two political parties, that situation it is an exceptional, the UK’s fi rst peacetime coalition government since 1931 is a considerable departure from the UK norm (Politics and power in the UK, 2005, p.33),situation occurred just 3 times the last century. Normally Labour party or the Conservative party won at least 326 SMP, number enough elected members to elect the leader of the political party as the Prime Minister. To prove the over representably we just need to see the last election, especially between labour party with 29% of votes have 258 SMP and Liberal Party with only 23%, only 6 points less, 57 SMP. And moreover Liberal party has lost 5 SMP even they wont 1% more votes (BBC Electoral results). In the UK politics the election of the executive power it is make through the secondary election, elected by the elected members of the house of Common, and elect the head of the majoritarian party, or the majoritarian coalition, the Prime Minister. That circumstance make that the theory of separation of power (The Spirit of the Laws ,Montesquieu 1748) that define liberals democracies have become weaker. It has became weaker because the theoretical check and balance it becomes an illusion in the political life. The UK executive is empowered as a powerful government, even when it takes the unusual form of a two party coalition, thanks to the disproportional of the single member plurality system and the three party plus others system it now encourages. This executive, armed with a Commons majority, is therefore able, with parliamentary permission, to alter the constitution as it chooses and in ways electors tolerate.(Politics and power in the UK, 2005,p.36) The legislative power when there are a majoritarian party, with more than 326 SMP, have the Executive, and both follows the same agenda, or more exactly Westminster follow the directives of Whitehall and his agenda. And that party have two of the three powers the political party become the most powerful institution in United Kingdom. Moreover if we considerate the policy of the stick and carrot (Politics and power in the UK, 2005, p.26), punishing dissidence members through the party or reward him/her with honours and government jobs. The Executive control of elected members of his party and the fact of the Prime Minister is his political Party leader too, then he have two ways to influence and force the loyalty of his partners. But, as I said, the party its the most powerful power, and sometimes its the political party in govern who force the executive, or the prime minister, to do some decision. For example we can see the govern of Tony Blair. He join the country in the Iraqs War, this situation with the time made loses to Labour party most of his electoral support, this fact force to resign the Prime Minister in favour of Gordon Brown in the summer of 2007, after bad results on local elections of 4th of May.(BBC T. Blair Time line) This replacement was the way to change the strategy and the perceptions of the electorate of the Labour Party, and recover the confidence lost during the last years of Blairs Government and the Iraqs war. Also Gordon Brown PM has to manage the international Crisis, and in the election of 2010 Labour party lost the majority in Westminster. From another point of view of Westminster action is the result of the previous relation between the political parties, fact that easily we can see when there are an executives in coalition of political parties, as Whitehall have now with the Conservatives and Liberal parties in power, this coalition forge a defined political agenda before the election of David Cameron, and this agenda with the support of the parties is passing through it of the parliament. This circumstance exemplify more the role of validate the previous agrees of the political parties. As I said before Westminster is theoretically entitled to regulate freely. But from the UK integration to the European Economic Community in 1973, which was later constituted as the European Union that. EU as a multi-state structure regulates certain matters of regulations (Politics and power in the UK, 2005 , p.68-69), in the case of second-rank ordering directly applicable to United Kingdom law, as based on the legal basis of the development of a treaty approved and ratified by the parliament itself. The European Communities Act 1972 (ECA) allows EC specified instruments to become part of UK law without the need for separate enactment of each and every EC instrument. Section 2(1) of the ECA gives the statutory authority for Treaty provisions and directly applicable secondary legislation (e.g. regulations) automatically to have legal effect in UK domestic law without further enactment .(p. 89 Comparative Study on transposition of Ec Law, June 2007) Despite this habilitation by way of treaties is in practice a normative power loss, an alien subjugation on regulatory and legal system, and in consequence broke the theory freely of Westminster generated by the uncodificate constitution. The negotiation the regulations depending upon the matter is carried to treat the ministers, depending on their portfolio at the European Council of Ministers meetings. Or the importance of the subject by the own prime minister to European Councils. Furthermore, together with the agreements and later to assessments among ministries, and also departments transpose the European legislation generated by the European institutions, which rests in the hands of ministers or cabinet, except in cases of assuming of obligations in cases affecting rights previously acquired by the public or the state, in this case the rule will require a complement of Westminster United Kingdom the vast majority of EC legislation is enacted by Statutory Instrument under Section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972. This Section confers authority on ministers, Government departments or Her Majesty in Council to make, with certain exceptions, subordinate legislation for the purpose of implementing any Community obligation of the United Kingdom. Subordinate legislation made under this section can repeal or amend existing legislation if this is incompatible with EC law.(p. 11 Comparative Study on transposition of Ec Law, June 2007) Given that treaties with was Lisbon Treaty (2007), or even was the Maastricht Treaty (1992) form United kingdom de facto is constitutional encoded country, and a country that explores the progressive tendency of continental integration and harmonization. In conclusion Westminster have no limitations to legislate whatever thinks the society need, but how works the relation between legislative and executive make that the legislative production follows the directives of Prime Minister and the executive. This situations are accentuate by the concentration of power of majoritarian democratic system, because the representation is concentrate by SSMP as a way to become over-represented the Conservative Party and Labour Party, and this political parties control executive and legislative branches. Since 1973, and progressively more, the EU have increased the power and control over the states, specially in matter of agriculture and economics, but since the Lisbon Treaty and the failed European Constitution, the tendency is harmonization of all states in the union. For another hand, UE is the union of states, and the legislation is make by executives, and transposed by executives, reducing also the power of Legislative Power. With the arguments submitted can be concluded that the theoretical power of Westminster significantly lower than really have, even have capacity havent iniciatve. . Bibliography BATTA, D.(2007) COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE TRANSPOSITION OF EC LAW IN THE MEMBER STATES,EU Policy Department Citizens Rights and Constitutional Affairs,June(2007) BBC(2010)BBC News, [online] Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk_politics/6625869.stm [Accessed 13th may 2014]. BBC(2010)Electoral Results, [online] Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/election2010/results/ [Accessed 13th may 2014]. Hefferman, R. and Guibernau, M.(2005)Politics and Power in the UK, 3rd ed, Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, Montesquieu, C.(n.d.)The Spirit of the Laws, France: n.d. 1/6

The Futures of Scholarly Publishing :: Education Library Reading Essays

Traditionally, university libraries, flush with funds, have been the mainstay of scholarly publishing. They bought all the latest, most important books and maintained subscriptions to all the important journals. But in today’s environment of budget cuts and rising tuitions, many libraries (especially those at public universities) are being forced to cut back. Retailers, meanwhile, are increasingly corporate. In an age in which book-selling is dominated by chains like Borders and Barnes and Noble, it is increasingly difficult for scholarly books to reach their market. Unsure of being able to recoup their losses, publishers are less and less willing to take on academic books—especially those which do not have immediate appeal to a broad audience or are unlikely to be used as textbooks. Meanwhile, university faculty in the humanities whose tenure prospects depend on being able to cite book credits are scrambling to be published—and are finding fewer and fewer publishers willing to accept their work. These are just a few of the factors behind the current crisis in academic publishing. In a meeting of the American Council of Learned Societies last year, panelists Carlos J. Alonso, Cathy N. Davidson, John M. Unsworth, and Lynne Withey discussed these and other important issues in-depth, and their remarks were published in an ACLS occasional paper entitled Crises and Opportunities: The Futures of Scholarly Publishing. The panelists were a diverse group, representing several different perspectives on the publishing crisis. Carlos Alonso is a Professor of Romance Languages and Chair of the Department of Romance Languages at the University of Pennsylvania; Cathy Davidson is Vice-Provost for Interdisciplinary Studies and Director of the John Hope Franklin Humanities Institute at Duke University; John Unsworth, at the time of last year’s ACLS meeting, was Director of the Institute for Advanced Technology in the Humanities at the University of Virginia; and Lynne Withey is Director of the University of California Press. This paper addresses each of their remarks in turn, closing by relating those remarks to the experience of the Clemson University Digital Press. In his remarks to the ACLS, Carlos Alonso addresses two main issues in scholarly publishing: the relationship between publication and tenure, and the difficult issue of funding scholarly publication at a time when most public universities are facing significant budget cuts.

Alternatives to Conventional Internal Combustion :: Expository Essays Research Papers

Alternatives to Conventional Internal Combustion Congress created the Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Technologies (EHV) Program in 1992 for reasons of national defense. The specific purpose of the program was to solve the issues of performance, stealth, and fuel efficiency demanded by the military. The EHV program was managed by the Department of Defense and the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), as a side note DARPA developed the F-117 Stealth Fighter during the mid to late 1970’s and early 1980’s. DARPA and the Department of Defense created a consortium with 150 companies that were involved in 300 projects with a total investment of 250 million from 1993-1998 with half the funding provided by non-federal partners. They focused and developed on these areas of research â€Å"hybrid electric transmissions, auxiliary power units and motors, advanced battery and charger systems and controllers, flywheels to augment or replace batteries, and advanced materials to reduce vehicle weight (http://scitech. dot.gov/partners/nextsur/avp/avp.html)† The Advanced Vehicles Technologies Program represents the civilian version of the military EHV Program. EHV became AVP in 1999. The AVP budget was 50 million annually from 1999 to 2003. USCar, also began in 1992, it is a program made up by DaimlerChrsyler, Ford and General Motors â€Å"to further strengthen the technology base of the domestic auto industry through cooperative, pre-competitive research (http://www.uscar.org/)† and from this project came a new program called FreedomCar, which is a joint venture with the USCar members and the Department of Energy. The ultimate goal of FreedomCar is to make hydrogen and fuel cell based transportation system. This is the long-term goal, which will take some time to be realized. The project is also looking at advanced internal combustion engines, emissions control for diesel engines, light weight materials, hybrid electric vehicle systems, advanced batteries and alternative fuels (http://www.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/program_areas/freedomcar/index.shtml). The transportation sector obtains 95% of its fuel from petroleum and this sector accounts for 67% of American’s total petroleum use. The United States imports roughly 10 million barrels of oil per day (http://www.eere.energy.gov/vehiclesandfuels/program_areas/freedomcar/index.shtml). The dependence on imported oil could potentially threaten the energy security of the U.S. Roughly 55 percent of oil we consume is imported and this is expected to go up to 65 percent by 2025.

the unbearable lightness of being Essay -- essays research papers

The Unheard Voice of Commitment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What the reader understands of the infidelity of Milan Kundera’s characters in The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a mere distraction from the real substance of the story and of the character’s real purpose. Kundera offers the reader a red herring and only through close examination can one dissect and abstract the true essence of each character’s thread that links them to one another in this story. For it is not clearly seen: in fact, it can not be seen at all. It is the fierce absence of the word commitment that is so blatantly seen in each individual, yet the word itself is buried so deeply inside of Tomas and Tereza that it takes an animal’s steadfast and unconditional love to make the meaning and understanding of commitment penetrate the surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tomas and Tereza’s marriage was fragile and based on Tomas’s sympathy for his wife’s irrevocable urge to fully complete him, mentally and physically. In this Tomas did only what he could do; go from woman to woman while carrying the scent of female genitalia with him. Tereza carried her grief and regret in solitude yet she remained undaunted by an unexplainable force. Their dog Karenin seemed to be the only connection the couple shared. This animal gave them earnest trust and in return they committed their love. â€Å"It is a completely selfless love,† Kundera writes, â€Å" Tereza did not want anything of Karenin; she did not ever ask him to lov... the unbearable lightness of being Essay -- essays research papers The Unheard Voice of Commitment   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What the reader understands of the infidelity of Milan Kundera’s characters in The Unbearable Lightness of Being is a mere distraction from the real substance of the story and of the character’s real purpose. Kundera offers the reader a red herring and only through close examination can one dissect and abstract the true essence of each character’s thread that links them to one another in this story. For it is not clearly seen: in fact, it can not be seen at all. It is the fierce absence of the word commitment that is so blatantly seen in each individual, yet the word itself is buried so deeply inside of Tomas and Tereza that it takes an animal’s steadfast and unconditional love to make the meaning and understanding of commitment penetrate the surface.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tomas and Tereza’s marriage was fragile and based on Tomas’s sympathy for his wife’s irrevocable urge to fully complete him, mentally and physically. In this Tomas did only what he could do; go from woman to woman while carrying the scent of female genitalia with him. Tereza carried her grief and regret in solitude yet she remained undaunted by an unexplainable force. Their dog Karenin seemed to be the only connection the couple shared. This animal gave them earnest trust and in return they committed their love. â€Å"It is a completely selfless love,† Kundera writes, â€Å" Tereza did not want anything of Karenin; she did not ever ask him to lov...

Based on the thematic content of each of their respective works, what do you think Muriel Rukeyser, Adrienne Rich and Ursula Le Guin would have to say to one another about the social construction of Gender?

Muriel Rukeyser’s â€Å"The Birth of Venus† (Gubar and Gilbert, 1996, p. 1695) and Adrienne Rich’s â€Å"Diving into the Wreck† (p. 1960) are both poems which use mythical images relating to the sea, while Ursula Le Guin’s â€Å"She Unnames Them† (p. 1943) is a short story which uses mythical images relating to the earth.This paper examines how the three authors share a common thread in their intention to depict patriarchal constructions of gender but use different aspects of an imagined physical environment to show three non-patriarchal responses to this sexist culture.The title of the Rukeyser poem is borrowed from the title of a famous painting â€Å"Birth of Venus† by Botticelli, which shows the near-naked goddess standing on a shell and being transported by the waves on to the shore. This picture in turn is based on ancient Greek mythology and Rukeyser stresses the journey that the goddess has made from being created in a tempestu ous and bloody sexual act by the â€Å"father-god†, by which she means Zeus, to being re-created in a â€Å"lovely surf† by the male artist â€Å"as he saw her† by which she means Botticelli.Rukeyser sees the goddess as moving from one patriarchal extreme (the accursed and terrible goddess of love) to another (the rose and saving image) of human love. The poem shows a changed awareness of feminine power over human history, but it stops short of making comments on what could or should be done with this knowledge. Adrienne Rich also depicts a journey, but this one goes from the surface deep down into the sea. The main figure in the poem takes slow and difficult steps into an alien world where he and she and you and I are no longer relevant distinctions.The undersea world is a gender free zone, and it rejects not only the patriarchal technology that operates by power and force, but also the very distinction between categorizations of male and female. It is likely t hat Rich would be appreciative of Rukeyser’s insights, but much more insistent on doing something about them and moving on to find ways of freeing human beings from restrictive gender roles which are nothing more than mythical or artistic creations.Ursula Le Guin’s story takes the archetypal myth of Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden and explores an alternative ending where Eve rejects and undermines the patriarchal world order set first by God and then by Adam. The story focuses on the art of naming as the key to control over the beasts, just as Rukeyser identifies the act of storytelling or painting as a way of controlling women.Le Guin’s this story undermines the whole notion of hierarchy and classification. It is more radical even than Rich’s world view, because it transcends all notions of the individual as a gendered or even as a human being. Le Guin renames trees as â€Å"darkbranched tall dancers† and the moon as â€Å"winter shining† which stresses what the entities do, and how they appear at that specific moment, rather than what some patriarchal authority defines them to be for all time.In conclusion, then, it is clear that all three authors share some common starting points in revisiting the patriarchal view of gender, where men are superior and women inferior, but they would probably have many points of disagreement and discussion about how to respond to this, whether by just describing it, insisting on the fluid nature of gender identity or imagining a whole new egalitarian world where individuals escape all categorization, taking nothing for granted and approaching every element in the world as something new.Works Cited. Gubar, S. and Gilbert, S. M. (eds) (1996) The Norton Anthology of Literature by Women: The Traditions in English. New York: W. W. Norton and Co.

Disposable Society: Capitalism and Consumerism Combined?

It was an interesting day of picking up otherwise â€Å"unimportant things,† noting my own urges to just dispose of varied materials, and observing my precious â€Å"living environment. † At the end of the day, it was time for sorting out other people’s â€Å"thrash† and noting my own habits plus reflecting on these various disposable items that I am supposed to learn from. These are what I have seen and what I have realized. Food items and their packaging materials come at the top of the list. Second in line, I found office and school materials – paper clips, ballpen caps, paper, etc.Then there were the miscellaneous home and personal items, various odds and ends including Styrofoam pieces from certain packaging materials, plastic containers bolts and nuts and various unidentified metal pieces, pieces of colored cloth, cigarette butts, an old plastic toy top, a CD, and a torn magazine. There are other small items not include in the list here but ba sically these are my categorizations of the disposable or â€Å"disposed† items collected in a day of walking and observing around.From one angle, it is a most convenient, socially constructed environment that we have—the so-called modern society with all its technology and other trappings. Part of the convenience lies in the disposability of many, if not all the items, that we see around us and which we utilize for meaningful survival on the planet. For example, how would we be able to store and therefore distribute food across great distances without the modern techniques of food packaging?The sanitary handling of food through these technologies however have an implication after the packaged food has been consumed: where goes the inedible packaging? There is a need for food manufacturers to factor in this question in their development of packing and packaging technology. Everyday, everyone eats, and the more we consume, the more we throw away. In 2004, a University o f Arizona study indicates that forty to fifty percent of all edible food never gets eaten. Every year $43 billion worth of edible food is estimated to be thrown away.(â€Å"US wastes half its food,† 2007) What can be done about this? To eat less? Joking aside, we have to be more responsible consumers. There’s a hungry world out there. Moreover, developing biodegradable packaging and eating utensils could be the simple long-term solution perhaps so that environmental pollution is lessened. Or how about edible utensils for a species that is constantly on the go? Perhaps someday. Ours is a society that does not sleep. 24-7 we say. Society moves every second, every day and the more we move, the more be create garbage, the more we develop disposables.Ours has become a disposable society. Even many relationships today seem disposable — fleeting and cold. In the coldness of many offices and supposed institutions of learning, many items are disposable. Containers, small items that make work less tedious like those yellow sticker-like notepads, pens, and computer printer ink cartridges, among others. In the relative warmth of some homes, still we see the signs of disposability: the Christmas tree, the decorations from the last party, the old TV guides.How would life be if we had disposable parents? Frightening thought? Indeed, but perhaps not for some who may have had the unfortunate experience of having dysfunctional parents or adults in their life. Work and family, 24-7, in modern societies, live off disposables. They make life easy and they spur more productivity and innovation. On the large downside, we are using off precious scarce resources, which can be depleted in the long run, and dirtying up the whole planet against the interest of future generations.At the heart of all this is a peculiar system that is consumerist in orientation. Consumerism is a lifestyle fanned by the current economic system, an orientation that appears negatively util itarian, unduly pleasure-oriented, and has no regard for long-term negative consequences of degrading the planet’s natural environment. As things are consumed and disposed, more production and profit is created to replace the old disposed material. What would the world be if things were not as disposable? Production could grind to a halt, as there could be less needs to fulfill.If cars, for instance, were not too disposable and new models are not made to be so appealing (as if they were needed and not simply desired), where would the car industry be now? We see this even in the use of computer technologies. As Smith (2008) notes: Creating products that aren't meant to last is a very viable business strategy as this means that consumers will need to buy replacement products†¦ In a more modern context, consider videogames. Old games, like Pong, could be played over and over again. Today's games, like the popular Grand Theft Auto series, have a beginning and an end.Once you â€Å"beat the game† you need to buy the next installment in the series. The same concept applies to computer software. If you call Microsoft and try to get support for Windows 98, a once expensive product that still works just fine on many computers, you'll be told that it is no longer supported. It's not that the product doesn't work, it's that the company wants you to buy the latest and greatest version of whatever they're selling. Is not consumerism and capitalism complementary with the reality of a disposable society? The profit seekers are only too glad we throw their products away—the sooner, the better. References http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/08/30/60minutes/rooney/main308969.shtml â€Å"US wastes half its food.† http://www.foodnavigator-usa.com/news/ng.asp?id=56376-us-wastes-half. Retrieved on 2007-10-01. Smith, L. (2008). The Disposable Society: An Expensive Place To Live. http://www.investopedia.com/articles/pf/07/disposablesociety.asp. Retrieved on 2008-05-02.

Ch 9 Test Bank

Chapter 09 Creative StrategyImplementation and Evaluation Answer Key Multiple Choice Questions 1. (p. 293) The agency that developed the ‘Jack-in-the-Box' fast-food restaurants ads created a new ad with the return of a brand image that was remembered by customers from previous years, thereby creating a(n):A. advertising appeal.B. creative plan.C. marketing plan.D. sales approach.E. sales presentation.The advertising appeal refers to the approach used to attract the attention of consumers and/or to influence their feelings toward the product, service, or cause.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: Analyze Difficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message. Topic: Appeals and Execution Styles 2. (p. 293) A(n) _____ refers to the approach used in an advertisement to elicit some consumer response or influence feeling. The way this approach is turned into an advertising message is the ____.A. advertising appeal; advertising campaignB. creative execution style; advertising appealC. creative execution style; advertising campaignD. dvertising appeal; creative execution styleE. brand image; positioningThe advertising appeal refers to the approach used to attract the attention of consumers and/or to influence their feelings toward the product, service, or cause. The creative execution style is the way a particular appeal is turned into an advertising message presented to the consumer.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message. Topic: Appeals and Execution Styles . (p. 293) _____ is viewed as â€Å"something that moves people, speaks to their wants or needs, and excites their interest. †A. Advertising appealB. Execution styleC. CreativityD. Big ideaE. NeedledropAn advertising appeal can also be viewed as â€Å"something that moves people, speaks to their wants or needs, and excites their interest. †AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message. Topic: Appeals and Execution Styles 4. (p. 93) The _____ is the manner in which an advertising idea is turned into a message and presented to consumers.A. advertising appealB. creative execution styleC. rational appealD. emotional appealE. big ideaThe creative execution style is the way a particular appeal is turned into an advertising message presented to the consumer.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: Remember Difficulty: Easy Learning Objective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message. Topic: Appeals and Execution Styles 5. (p. 93) An ad for Enbrel, a prescription medicine for people who have rheumatoid arthritis, tells the reader that this drug has proven to work for people who have had little or no pain relief from other drugs. The factual, news like nature of the ad indicates that it is using a(n) _____ appeal.A. rationalB. product popularityC. emotionalD. fearE. refutationalInformational/rational appeals focus on the consumer's practical, functional, or utilitarian need for the product or service and emphasize features of a product or service and/or the benefits or reasons for owning or using a particular brand.AACSB: Reflective Thinking Bloom's: AnalyzeDifficulty: Hard Learning Objective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message. Topic: Advertising Appeals 6. (p. 293)  Advertising appeals that focus on functional or utilitarian needs and emphasize product features and benefits are known as _____ appeals.A. informationalB. e motionalC. priceD. inherent dramaE. imageInformational/Rational appeals focus on the consumer's practical, functional, or utilitarian need for the product or service and emphasize features of a product or service and/or the benefits or reasons for owning or using a particular brand.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 7. (p. 293)Purchase motives, such as convenience, comfort, economy and performance are used as a basis for _____ appeals.A. rationalB. emotionalC. priceD. inherent dramaE. refutationalMany rational motives can be used as the basis for advertising appeals, including comfort, convenience, economy, health, and sensory benefits such as touch, taste, and smell.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the deve lopment and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 8. (p. 293)The content of advertising with _____ emphasizes facts, learning and the logic of persuasion.A. emotional appealsB. informational appealsC. transformational appealsD. subliminal appealsE. irrational appealsInformational/Rational appeals focus on the consumer's practical, functional, r utilitarian need for the product or service and emphasize features of a product or service and/or the benefits or reasons for owning or using a particular brand. The content of these messages emphasizes facts, learning, and the logic of persuasion.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 9. (p. 293)Which of the following statements is true about informational/rational advertising appeals?A. The particular features, benefits, or attributes that serve as the basis for these appeals are constant across product categories.B. These types of appeals work well for products but not for services.C. The particular features, benefits, or attributes that serve as the basis for these appeals vary from one product or service category to another as well as by market segment.D. The particular features, benefits, or attributes that serve as a basis for these appeals generally do not vary by market segment.Informational/rational ads create feelings, images, beliefs, and meanings about the product or service. The particular features, benefits, or evaluative criteria that are important to consumers and can serve as the basis of an informational/rational appeal vary from one product or service category to another as well as among various market segments.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising mess age.Topic: Advertising Appeals 0. (p. 294)An ad for Calloway Gardens Resort stresses the different forms of recreation available to visitors to the resort. This is an example of a(n) _____ appeal.A. newsB. favorable priceC. featureD. popularityE. emotionalAds that use a feature appeal focus on the dominant traits of the product or service.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 11. (p. 94)Which of the following statements is true about feature appeals?A. They tend to be very informative and present a number of attributes that can be used as the basis for a rational purchase decision.B. They are never used for technical and high-involvement products.C. They can be used for advertising a product but not a service.D. They never focus on attributes or benefits that are important to consumers.E. They stre ss upon the popularity of a product or service by pointing out the number of consumers who use the brand and the number who have switched to it.Ads using feature appeals tend to be highly informative and present the customer with a number of important product attributes or features that will lead to favorable attitudes and can be used as the basis for a rational purchase decision.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 12. (p. 294)To announce sales, special offers, or everyday low prices, retailers often use a _____ appeal.A. unctionalB. popularityC. favorable priceD. transformationalE. productivePrice appeal advertising is used most often by retailers to announce sales, special offers, or low everyday prices.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types o f appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 13. (p. 294)A personal computer manufacturer has developed a significant technological breakthrough that will make its computers easier to use for novices.The computer manufacturer will probably use _____ appeal to announce the breakthrough.A. favorable priceB. emotionalC. newsD. popularityE. transformationalNews appeals are those in which some type of news or announcement about the product, service, or company dominates the ad. This type of appeal can be used for a new product or service or to inform consumers of significant modifications or improvements.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 14. (p. 294)Aleve ran a series of ads showing everyday people having to deal with minor art hritic pains. In each instance, the individual was pleased to learn that two Aleve were just as effective as taking eight of his or her old pain reliever. This ad campaign is using a(n) _____ appeal.A. emotionalB. competitive advantageC. fearD. favorable priceE. transformationalWhen a competitive advantage appeal is used, the advertiser makes either a direct or an indirect comparison to another brand (or brands) and usually claims superiority on one or more attributes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 15. (p. 294)The Glad trash bag campaign, which used the slogan â€Å"Don't get mad. Get Glad,† tells the reader that Glad trash bags are twice as thick as the leading volume bag. Glad uses a(n) _____ appeal.A. emotionalB. competitive advantageC. fearD. favorable priceE. transformationalWhen a competitive advantage appeal is used, the advertiser makes either a direct or an indirect comparison to another brand (or brands) and usually claims superiority on one or more attributes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 16. (p. 294)The ad for ‘TDAmeritrade' investment bank states that the company is â€Å"Ranked #1 by SmartMoney Magazine for the Do-It-Yourself Investor. † The ad is using a(n) _____ appeal.A. emotionalB. ompetitive advantageC. featureD. favorable priceE. transformationalWhen a competitive advantage appeal is used, the advertiser makes either a direct or an indirect comparison to another brand (or brands) and usually claims superiority on one or more attributes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various ty pes of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 17. (p. 294)Advertisements that focus on the dominant attributes or characteristics of a product or service are known as _____ appeals.A. featureB. newsC. priceD. product popularityE. genericAds that use a feature appeal focus on the dominant traits of the product or service.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 18. (p. 294)  A _____ appeal is used when the advertiser makes either a direct or an indirect comparison to another brand and usually claims superiority on one or more attributes.A. featureB. popularityC. competitive advantageD. technicalE. newsWhen a competitive advantage appeal is used, the advertiser makes either a direct or an indirect comparison to another brand (or bran ds) and usually claims superiority on one or more attributes.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 19. (p. 294)Toyota ran an advertisement proclaiming their Camry has been the best selling model in the United States for two straight years.This is an example of a _____ appeal.A. featureB. favorable priceC. newsD. product popularityE. genericProduct/Service popularity appeals stress the popularity of a product or service by pointing out the number of consumers who use the brand, the number who have switched to it, the number of experts who recommend it, or its leadership position in the market.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 0. (p. 294)Intuit, a computer software company, runs an advertising campaign for Quicken that emphasizes the fact it is the most preferred brand of financial software. This is an example of a(n):A. emotional appeal.B. teaser appeal.C. product popularity appeal.D. transformational appeal.E. favorable price appeal.Product/service popularity appeals stress the popularity of a product or service by pointing out the number of consumers who use the brand, the number who have switched to it, the number of experts who recommend it, or its leadership position in the market.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 21. (p. 295)Advertising appeals that relate to consumers' social and/or psychological needs for purchasing a product or service are known as _____ appeals.A. informationalB. rationalC. irratio nalD. emotionalE. featureEmotional appeals relate to the customers' social and/or psychological needs for purchasing a product or service.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 22. (p. 296)Which of the following statements provides a reason for why marketers use emotional appeals?A. The favorable feeling created by the appeal may transfer to the brand.B. Emotional appeals focus on the consumer's practical, functional, or utilitarian need for the product or service.C.Emotional appeals tend to be informative, and advertisers using them generally attempt to convince consumers that their product or service has a particular attribute(s) or provides a specific benefit that satisfies their needs.D. Emotional appeals persuade the target audience to buy the brand because it is the best available or does a better job of meeting consumers' needs.E. Emotional appeals are easy to execute and cost less than rational appeals due to lack of creativity.Research shows that positive mood states and feelings created by advertising can have a favorable effect on consumers' evaluations of a brand.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 23. (p. 296)Advertisers create emotional advertising appeals by using:A. comparative advertisements.B. feature appeals.C. transformational advertising.D. news appeals.E. popularity appeals.One reason for using emotional appeals is to influence consumers' interpretations of their product usage experience. One way of doing this is through what is known as transformational advertising.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can b e used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 24. (p. 296)Advertising appeals that portray people in an advertisement as experiencing an arousing, upbeat and/or exciting benefit or outcome from using a product or service are relying on:A. informational integration.B. rational integration.C. mood transfer.D. emotional integration.E. outcome integration.Kamp and Macinnis note that commercials often rely on the concept of emotional integration, whereby they portray the characters in the ad as experiencing an emotional benefit or outcome from using a product or service. Ads using humor, sex, and other appeals that are very entertaining, arousing, upbeat, and/or exciting can affect the emotions of consumers and put them in a favorable frame of mind.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message. Topic: Advertising Appeals 25. (p. 96)An advertisement for the State of Alabama shows a family with two teens arriving in the state alienated from each other. The fun they experience in the state brings the family back together again. The commercial ends with all four running down the beach holding hands. This ad uses _____ for its appeal.A. informational integrationB. rational integrationC. mood transferD. emotional integrationE. outcome integrationKamp and Macinnis note that commercials often rely on the concept of emotional integration, whereby they portray the characters in the ad as experiencing an emotional benefit or outcome from using a product or service.Ads using humor, sex, and other appeals that are very entertaining, arousing, upbeat, and/or exciting can affect the emotions of consumers and put them in a favorable frame of mind.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the de velopment and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 26. (p. 296)Advertisements that create feelings, meanings, images or beliefs about a product or service that can be activated when consumers use it are known as _____ ads.A. rationalB. transformationalC. nostalgicD. affectiveE. informationalTransformational ads create feelings, images, meanings, and beliefs about the product or service that may be activated when consumers use it, transforming their interpretation of the usage experience.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 27. (p. 297)  _____ advertising attempts to make the experience of using a product or service richer, warmer or more exciting.A. InformationalB. Competitive advantageC. TransformationalD. ImageE. RationalTransformational ads make the experience of using the product richer, warmer, more exciting, and/or more enjoyable than that obtained solely from an objective description of the advertised brand.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 28. (p. 297)Transformational advertising can differentiate a product or service by:A. convincing a consumer of the superior performance of a brand.B. aking the consumption experience more meaningful, exciting and enjoyable.C. making a consumption experience last longer.D. showing performance superiority of one brand over another.E. proving brand superiority.Transformational advertising can help differentiate a product or service by making the consumption experience more enjoyable by suggesting the type of experiences consumers might have when they consume the product or service.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 29. (p. 297)The Oscar Mayer ad touched the child in all of us when it showed Andy on the pier singing the â€Å"My bologna has a first name† jingle. This example of _____ advertising won America's heart and stomach.A. competitive advantageB. refutationalC. transformationalD. transactionalE. rationalTransformational advertising can help differentiate a product or service by making the consumption experience more enjoyable by suggesting the type of experiences consumers might have when they consume the product or service.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: AnalyzeDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 30. (p. 297)Skyy Vodka's use of cinematic-inspired cocktail moments created marketing success through:A. image advertising.B. television infomercials.C. CEO spokesperson press releases.D. banner advertising.E. rational advertising.Image advertising, which is designed to give a company or brand a unique association or personality, is often transformational in nature.For example, the Lambesis agency has created a unique image for SKYY vodka by creating ads that associate the brand with cinematic-inspired cocktail moments. (Refer: Exhibit 9-6)AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 31. (p. 297)  _____ is designed to give a company or brand a unique association or personality and is often transformational in nature.A. Rational advertisingB. Image advertisingC. Feature appealsD.Transactional advertisingE. Brand immoralityImage advertising is designed to give a company or brand a unique association or personality, is often transformational in nature.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 32. (p. 297)  Rational and emotional advertising appeals:A. represent two distinctive approaches which should never be combined because they divide the focus of consumers' attention.B. are essentially the same.C. can be combined since consumers' purchase decisions are often made on the basis of rational and emotional motives.D. are used together only for low-involvement products.E. can be combined only for products and not for services.Consumer purchase decisions are often made on the basis of both emotional and rational motives, and attention must be given to both elements in developing effective advertising.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze va rious types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 33. (p. 298)The proprietary research technique developed by the McCann-Erickson Worldwide agency that helps evaluate how consumers feel about brands and the nature of their relationship with them is known as:A. focus group research.B. transformational research.C. emotional bonding.D. psychographics.E. ethnographics.McCann-Erickson Worldwide, in conjunction with advertising professor Michael Ray, developed a proprietary research technique known as emotional bonding. This technique evaluates how consumers feel about brands and the nature of any emotional rapport they have with a brand.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 34. (p. 298)According to McCann-Erickson's concept of emot ional bonding, the most basic relationship a consumer has with a brand is how he or she thinks about the:A. emotional ties he or she has with the product and/or brand.B. brand personality.C. product benefits.D. self-actualization motives for purchasing.E. self-esteem motives that will be affected by the purchase.The basic concept of emotional bonding is that consumers develop three levels of relationships with brands. The most basic relationship indicates how consumers think about brands in respect to product benefits.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 35. (p. 298)Research shows consumers perceive Miller beer as strong, bold, and adventurous. This is an example of how consumers assign a _____ to a brand.A. roduct rankB. personalityC. product featuresD. unique selling propositionE. market rankThe basic c oncept of emotional bonding is that consumers develop three levels of relationships with brands. At the second stage, the consumer assigns a personality to a brand. For example, a brand may be thought of as self-assured, aggressive, and adventurous, as opposed to compliant and timid.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: AnalyzeDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 36. (p. 298)Consumers perceive Maytag appliance as dependable. Consumers have assigned a _____ to the brand.A. product benefitB. personalityC. product featuresD. unique selling propositionE. market rankThe basic concept of emotional bonding is that consumers develop three levels of relationships with brands. At the second stage, the consumer assigns a personality to a brand. For example, a brand may be thought of as self-assured, aggressive, and adventurous, as opposed to complian t and timid.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingMcCann-Erickson researchers believe the strongest relationship that develops between a brand and the consumer is based on feelings or emotional attachments to the brand.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 38. (p. 299)Well-known brands and market leaders often run ads that do not use any specific types of appeals but rather focus primarily on keeping their brand name in front of consumers. This type of advertising is known as _____ advertising.A. teaserB. reminderC. repetitiveD. popularityE. brandstandingNot every ad fits neatly into the categories of rational or emotional appeals. For example, ads for some brands can be classified as reminder advertising, which has the objective of building brand awareness and/or keeping the brand name in front of consumers.AACSB: An alyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 39. (p. 99)Hershey's advertises heavily around Christmas with ads that show only a picture of red, green and silver wrapped Hershey Kisses chocolate. Hershey's is using _____ advertising.A. transformationalB. reminderC. rationalD. emotional integrationE. teaserWell-known brands and market leaders often use reminder advertising to maintain top-of mind awareness among consumers in their target markets. For example, marketers of candy products often increase their media budgets and run reminder advertising around Halloween, Valentine's Day, Christmas, and Easter.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 40. (p. 299)Ads for Oneida flatware are frequent, show a piece of Oneida flatware, the headline, â€Å"ONEIDA,† and the slogan â€Å"Your table is ready† in small print. This type of ad is intended as _____ advertising.A. transformationalB. reminderC. rationalD. emotional integrationE. favorable priceWell-known brands and market leaders often use reminder advertising to maintain top-of mind awareness among consumers in their target markets.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 41. (p. 300)_____ advertising is sometimes used to create curiosity and build interest and excitement in a new product or brand by talking about it but not showing it.A. ReminderB. TeaserC. RationalD. ComparativeE. Feature appealAdvertisers introducing a new product often use teaser advertising, which is designed to build curiosi ty, interest, and/or excitement about a product or brand by talking about it but not actually showing it.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 42. (p. 300)Taco Bell launched the advertising campaign for its Double Decker taco by running anonymous full-page ads featuring basketball stars issuing vague challenges to one another. This is an example of _____ advertising.A. reminderB. teaserC. transformationalD. favorable price appealE. news appealAdvertisers introducing a new product often use teaser advertising, which is designed to build curiosity, interest, and/or excitement about a product or brand by talking about it but not actually showing it.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation o f an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 43. (p. 300)When Ford Motor Company was preparing to introduce a new model, ads were run for several weeks that talked about the new car but never showed it. This is an example of _____ advertising.A. reminderB. transformationalC. teaserD. emotionalE. cognitiveAdvertisers introducing a new product often use teaser advertising, which is designed to build curiosity, interest, and/or excitement about a product or brand by talking about it but not actually showing it.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 44. (p. 301)Which of the following statements is true about the use of teaser advertising?A.They cannot be used to draw attention to and generate publicity for an upcoming advertising campaign.B. They do not work well because consumers really do not pay much att ention to advertising.C. They can be effective but marketers must be careful not to use them too long.D. They usually offend consumers.E. They have the objective of building brand awareness by keeping the brand name in front of the customers.Teaser campaigns can generate interest in a new product, but advertisers must be careful not to extend them too long or they will lose their effectiveness.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-01 To analyze various types of appeals that can be used in the development and implementation of an advertising message.Topic: Advertising Appeals 45. (p. 302)The argument by famous advertising copywriter David Ogilvy that â€Å"what you say in advertising is more important than how you say it† suggests that:A. advertising appeal is more important than the way it is executed.B. advertising execution is more important than the appeal.C. advertising appeals and executions are equally important.D. advertising execution is more important than message content.E. the product is more important than the creative appeal.In his famous book on the advertising industry, Madison Avenue, Martin Mayer notes Bernbach's reply to David Ogilvy's rule for copywriters that â€Å"what you say in advertising is more important than how you say it. † Bernbach replied, â€Å"Execution can become content, it can be just as important as what you say†.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: UnderstandDifficulty: Medium LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 46. (p. 302)An advertising execution technique that relies on a straightforward presentation of information concerning the product or service is called a(n):A. straight-sell or factual message.B. demonstration.C. testimonial.D. dramatization.E. animation of key benefits approach.One of the most basic types of creative exec utions is the straight sell or factual message. This type of ad relies on a straightforward presentation of information concerning the product or service.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 47. (p. 302)Straight-sell message executions are commonly used with _____ advertising appeals.A. informationalB. emotionalC. teaserD. transformationalE. emotional integrationStraight sell or factual message type of execution is often used with informational/rational appeals, where the focus of the message is the product or service and its specific attributes and/or benefits.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertis ing Execution 48. (p. 302)A print ad for flood insurance lists twenty good reasons why every homeowner should have flood insurance. This is an example of _____ advertising.A. straight-sellB. transformationalC. testimonialD. teaserE. refutationalOne of the most basic types of creative executions is the straight sell or factual message. This type of ad relies on a straightforward presentation of information concerning the product or service.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 49. (p. 302)The ad for TDA meritrade investment company opens with the statement, â€Å"You can't plan for tomorrow if you don't know where your money is today† and continues with a lot of information about investment and its benefits. This indicates that the ad is an example of _____ advertising.A . straight-sellB. transformationalC. testimonialD. teaserE. efutationalOne of the most basic types of creative executions is the straight sell or factual message. This type of ad relies on a straightforward presentation of information concerning the product or service.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 50. (p. 303)When an advertiser cites technical information such as the results of laboratory studies in an advertisement, a(n) _____ execution is being used.A. dramatizationB. slice-of-lifeC. scientific evidenceD. testimonialE. animationIn case of scientific/technical style of execution, advertisers often cite technical information, results of scientific or laboratory studies, or endorsements by scientific bodies or agencies to support their advertising claims.AACSB: Analytic Bloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 1. (p. 303)In a Neutrogena moisturizer with superior sun protection ad, a dermatologist's report stated, â€Å"A year of incidental sun equals baking for a week at the beach! † This is an example of a(n) _____ execution.A. dramatizationB. slice-of-lifeC. technical evidenceD. testimonialE. animationIn case of scientific/technical style of execution, advertisers often cite technical information, results of scientific or laboratory studies, or endorsements by scientific bodies or agencies to support their advertising claims.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 52. (p. 303)An ad for Lipton tea states that according to laboratory research, â€Å"a serving of tea has more antioxidants than a serving of carrots or broccoli. † Which type of ad execution is being used in this example?A. DramatizationB. TestimonialC. Scientific/technical evidenceD. Slice-of-lifeE. ComparisonIn case of scientific/technical style of execution, advertisers often cite technical information, results of scientific or laboratory studies, or endorsements by scientific bodies or agencies to support their advertising claims.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 53. (p. 303)Which of the following is an advertising execution approach designed to illustrate key advantages or features of a product by showing it in actual use?A. ComparisonB. Demonstratio nC. Scientific evidenceD. Straight-sellE. AnimationDemonstration advertising is designed to illustrate the key advantages of the product/service by showing it in actual use or in some staged situation.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 54. (p. 303)An ad for Toyota vans shows how easily a child, who needs to use a bathroom, can get out of the vehicle.Which ad execution technique is being used in this ad?A. ComparisonB. DemonstrationC. Scientific evidenceD. Straight-sellE. TestimonialDemonstration advertising is designed to illustrate the key advantages of the product/service by showing it in actual use or in some staged situation.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 55. (p. 03)When a person speaks on the behalf of a product or service based on his or her personal use of and/or experiences with it, a(n) _____ execution is being used.A. dramatizationB. slice-of-lifeC. animationD. demonstrationE. testimonialMany advertisers prefer to have their messages presented by way of a testimonial, where a person praises the product or service on the basis of his or her personal experience with it.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 56. (p. 303)Tiger Woods appears in ads for Nike in which he notes how the company's golf clubs helped him win so many major championships. This is an example of which type of advertising execution?A. Slice-of-lifeB. TestimonialC. Demonstr ationD. Scientific evidenceE. DramatizationMany advertisers prefer to have their messages presented by way of a testimonial, where a person praises the product or service on the basis of his or her personal experience with it.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 57. (p. 303)In a television ad, actress and noted animal lover Betty White praised a flea and tick treatment called Frontline for the way it protects both her dogs and cats. These ads are an example of the use of what type of execution?A. ComparisonsB. Slice-of-lifeC. HumorD. TestimonialE. DemonstrationMany advertisers prefer to have their messages presented by way of a testimonial, where a person praises the product or service on the basis of his or her personal experience with it.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: A pplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 58. (p. 304)Professional golfer Arnold Palmer appeared in ads advocating the engine protection cars get from Pennzoil motor oil. This is an example of a(an):A. comparison.B. endorsement.C. demonstration.D. straight sell.E. slice-of-life.Many advertisers prefer to have their messages presented by way of a testimonial, where a person praises the product or service on the basis of his or her personal experience with it. A related execution technique is the endorsement, where a well-known or respected individual such as a celebrity or expert in the product or service area speaks on behalf of the company or the brand.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the a dvertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 59. (p. 304)A widely used advertising execution style for packaged goods products which attempts to portray situations consumers might face in their daily lives is known as:A. endorsement.B. slice-of-life.C. theater style.D. a testimonial.E. a demonstration.A widely used advertising format, particularly for packaged-goods products, is the slice-of-life execution, which is generally based on a problem/solution approach. This type of ad portrays a problem or conflict that consumers might face in their daily lives.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 60. (p. 304)A Tide detergent ad showed a high school team manager easily removed all the grass and dirt stains from two dozen baseball uniforms by simply thr owing them in a washer and adding Tide. The ad creator used which execution style?A. DramatizationB. Slice-of-lifeC. Slice-of-deathD. TestimonialE. DemonstrationA widely used advertising format, particularly for packaged-goods products, is the slice-of-life execution, which is generally based on a problem/solution approach. This type of ad portrays a problem or conflict that consumers might face in their daily lives. The ad then shows how the advertiser's product or service can resolve the problem.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 61. (p. 304)An ad in a golfing magazine for a vacation resort in Virginia begins by stating that the resort has â€Å"Dozens of sporting diversions for the entire family. † Then under that statement it reads, â€Å"Translation: guilt-free golf. † The ad creator used which execution style with this ad?A. EndorsementB. Slice-of-lifeC. Slice-of-deathD. TestimonialE. DemonstrationA widely used advertising format, particularly for packaged-goods products, is the slice-of-life execution, which is generally based on a problem/solution approach. This type of ad portrays a problem or conflict that consumers might face in their daily lives. The ad then shows how the advertiser's product or service can resolve the problem.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 62. (p. 304)Which of the following statements is true about the use of slice-of-life executions?A. Slice-of-life executions are very inefficient in business-to-business advertising.B. To be effective, a slice-of-life execution should avoid mimicking real life because its primary purpose is to rise above the clutter.C. Slice-of-life executions work well only for advertising for consumer products with perceived homogeneous qualities.D. Many advertisers like slice-of-life executions because they feel they are an effective way to present a situation to which consumers can relate.E. Slice-of-life or problem/solution execution approaches are limited to consumer-product advertising.Many advertisers prefer slice-of-life style because they believe it is effective at presenting a situation to which most consumers can relate and at registering the product feature or benefit that helps sell the brand.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 63. (p. 304)An advertising execution technique used by business-to-business marketers depicting the negative conseq uences of making incorrect purchase decisions is referred to as:A. problem-solution execution.B. slice-of-death advertising.C. slice-of-life advertising.D. a response-stimuli execution.E. informational advertising.Slice-of-death execution style is used in conjunction with a fear appeal, as the focus is on the negative consequences that result when businesspeople make the wrong decision in choosing a supplier or service provider.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 64. (p. 04)An ad for Novell solutions targeted to businesspeople was headlined, â€Å"ERP: Sound made by CIO when people see data they shouldn't. † The executive in the ad has a distressed, almost fearful look on his face. Which execution technique used to create this ad?A. A problem-solution executionB. Slice-of-dea th advertisingC. Slice-of-life advertisingD. A response-stimuli executionE. Informational advertisingSlice-of-death execution style is used in conjunction with a fear appeal, as the focus is on the negative consequences that result when businesspeople make the wrong decision in choosing a supplier or service provider.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 65. (p. 305)An advertising execution technique that is particularly popular for creating commercials targeted at children is:A. slice-of-life.B. demonstration.C. testimonial.D. scientific evidence.E. animation.Cartoon animation is especially popular for commercials targeted at children.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 66. (p. 305)A commercial for Honey-Flavored Wheat Chex cereal mix shows a bear made out of Wheat Chex cereal climbing a tree made out of Wheat Chex to reach a beehive made of Wheat Chex. Which type of creative execution does this commercial use?A. DramatizationB. TestimonialC. AnimationD. Straight-sellE. Slice-of-deathAn advertising execution approach that has become popular in recent years is animation. With this technique, animated scenes are drawn by artists or created on the computer, and cartoons, puppets, or other types of fictional characters may be used.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 67. (p. 305)Mr. Peanut from the Planters Nut Company's ads is an example of advertis ing that uses _____ execution techniques.A. informational/rationalB. demonstrationC. fantasyD. personality symbolE. behavioral appealAdvertising execution involves developing a central character or personality symbol that can deliver the advertising message with which the product or service can be identified. Personality figures can also be built around animated characters and animals.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: ApplyDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 68. (p. 05)_____ is a type of advertising execution style that involves creating a central character who can deliver the advertising message and with whom the product or service can be identified.A. DemonstrationB. TestimonialC. Personality symbolD. FantasyE. Slice-of-lifeOne type of advertising execution involves developing a central character or personality symbol that can deliver the advertising message and with which the product or service can be identified. Personality figures can also be built around animated characters and animals.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 69. (p. 305)  Marlboro used a cowboy to advertise Marlboro cigarettes for a number of years. This is an example of:A. testimonial advertising execution technique.B. demonstration advertising execution technique.C. personality symbol advertising execution technique.D. slice-of-death advertising execution technique.E. imagery advertising execution technique.Advertising execution involves developing a central character or personality symbol that can deliver the advertising message and with which the product or service can be identified. Personality figures can also be built around animated characters and animals.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: AnalyzeDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 70. (p. 306)  _____ is an advertising execution technique often used for emotional appeals.It offers a viewer a form of mental escape and/or an opportunity to envision themselves in a certain situation.A. Image advertisingB. DemonstrationC. Slice-of-lifeD. AnimationE. Competitive advantageImagery ads are the basis for emotional appeals that are used to advertise products or services where differentiation based on physical characteristics is difficult, such as soft drinks, liquor, designer clothing, and cosmetics. An imagery execution is used when the goal is to encourage consumers to associate the brand with the symbols, characters, and/or situation shown in the ad.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: Un derstandDifficulty: Medium LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 71. (p. 306) Timberland Co. sells all-weather gear. For its advertising, it has developed an imaginary place called Timber Land, which is a Utopian setting of extraordinary landscapes and crystal-clear water. Its ads use a(n) _____ execution style to get the audience to envision themselves in Timber Land.A. imageryB. demonstrationC. slice-of-lifeD. animationE. competitive advantageAn imagery execution is used when the goal is to encourage consumers to associate the brand with the symbols, characters, and/or situation shown in the ad.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: AnalyzeDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 72. (p. 307)  Dramatization is particularly well suited for which type of medium?A. TelevisionB. NewspapersC. RadioD. MagazinesE. Direct mailAn execution technique particularly well suited to television is dramatization, where the focus is on telling a short story with the product or service as the star.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 73. (p. 307)  _____ is an advertising execution technique whereby the focus is on using excitement and suspense to tell a short story with the product as the star of the ad.A. Slice-of-lifeB. AnimationC. DramatizationD. TestimonialE. ImageryAn execution technique particularly well suited to television is dramatization, where the focus is on telling a short story with the product or service as the star.AACSB: AnalyticBloom's: RememberDifficulty: Easy LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 74. (p. 307)The state of Colorado runs an ad which shows an obviously scared third grader getting ready to go on stage for his first public stage appearance. He is dressed to look like a carrot. The ad tells the reader that being a third grader is much more stressful than we remember and causes us to have great sympathy for the young man dressed in the ridiculous costume. The tag line at the end of the ad reads, â€Å"Your kids need a carefree Colorado vacation as much as you do. † This is an example of the:A. dramatization technique.B. testimonial technique.C. fear technique.D. personality symbol technique.E. scientific evidence technique.An execution technique particularly well suited to television is dramatization, where the focus is on telling a short story with the product or service as the star.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBloom's: AnalyzeDifficulty: Hard LearningObjective: 09-02 To analyze the various creative execution styles that advertisers can use and the advertising situations where they are most appropriate.Topic: Advertising Execution 75. (p. 307)An ad for Ford Focus shows four college-aged students hunting for a parking place in a large, nearly full parking garage. When they finally find a spot and put the car in place, they discover that it is such a tight fit that they can't open the car doors to get out. A moment of concern is followed by a moment of enlightenment when one of them remembers the hatchback. The commercial ends with them all leaving the parked car through the hatchback. This commercial is a(n):A. dramatization with a humorous appeal.B. animation with the intent of creating a personality brand.C. slice-of-life with a fear appeal.D. demonstration with an emotional appeal.E. straight sell with a humorous appeal.An execution technique particularly well suited to television is dramatization, where the focus is on telling a short story with the product or service as the star. Humorous ads add an element of humor in the ad.